Systems and methods for excluding consumed content from a content presentation

ABSTRACT

System and method are disclosed herein for excluding consumed content from a content presentation. Specifically, fingerprints for each unique media asset included in a compilation of media content consumed by a user may be obtained and stored in a user&#39;s profile. Fingerprints for each unique media asset included in another compilation of media content may be generated and compared with fingerprints stored in the user&#39;s profile to determine which of the unique media assets in the other compilation have been consumed by the user. The second compilation may be presented to the user without the unique media assets that were consumed.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The amount of content created by combining shorter media into longercompilations has increased over the last few years as it has becomeeasier to acquire hardware and software to create these compilations. Inaddition, various systems exist that determine whether a specific userhas consumed specific media. For example, current systems track mediathat a user is consuming and store the information. When the user has achance to consume the media again, these systems are able to inform theuser that the specific media asset has been consumed before, thushelping the user decide whether to consume the media again. However,these systems are not effective with compilations created by combiningmultiple media; thus, the user may wind up consuming the same mediacontent again (e.g., some compilations may include large portions ofcontent that is the same as other compilations that the user has alreadyconsumed). This may cause inconvenience to the user because the userdoesn't want to consume the same media again.

SUMMARY

Therefore, system and method are disclosed herein for excluding consumedcontent from a content presentation. Specifically, fingerprints for eachunique media asset included in a compilation of media content consumedby a user may be generated and stored in a user's profile. Fingerprintsfor each unique media asset included in another compilation of mediacontent may be generated and compared with fingerprints stored in theuser's profile to determine which of the unique media assets in theother compilation have been consumed by the user. The second compilationmay be presented to the user without the unique media assets that wereconsumed.

In some aspects, a media guidance application may be used to perform theactions necessary to exclude consumed content from a contentpresentation. The media guidance application may reside on a user'sequipment, on a server, or a combination of those devices. However,these actions may be performed outside of a media guidance applicationusing a combination of hardware and software.

The media guidance application may receive multiple media fingerprintsfor a compilation of media content consumed by a user. Specifically, themedia guidance application may generate a first plurality offingerprints for a first media content consumed by a first user, wherethe first media content includes a first compilation of a firstplurality of unique media assets. For example, the media guidanceapplication may traverse the media content and generate a fingerprint ata specific time interval (e.g., every frame, every ten frames, everysecond, every ten seconds, twenty seconds, one minute, five minutes, oranother suitable interval).

The media guidance application may identify fingerprints that belong todifferent unique media assets in the compilation. Specifically, themedia guidance application may compare each fingerprint in the firstplurality of fingerprints with a next sequential fingerprint in thefirst plurality of fingerprints. For example, the media guidanceapplication may execute a routine to compare sequential fingerprints todetermine whether the fingerprints correspond to the same unique mediaasset or not. For example, if two fingerprints match, the media guidanceapplication may associate the matching fingerprints with the same mediaasset; if they don't, the media guidance application may associate thosefingerprints with different media assets.

The media guidance application may generate a set of fingerprints forthe media content such that the fingerprints in the set may correspondto one of the unique media assets. Specifically, the media guidanceapplication may generate, based on comparing each fingerprint in thefirst plurality of fingerprints with the next sequential fingerprint inthe first plurality of fingerprints, a first set of fingerprints, whereeach fingerprint in the first set of fingerprints is associated with aunique media asset in the first plurality of unique media assets. Forexample, the media guidance application may create a set that stores onefingerprint for each unique media asset. In some embodiments, the mediaguidance application may store several (e.g., a subset) fingerprints foreach unique media asset.

The media guidance application may store, in a profile associated withthe first user, the first set of fingerprints. For example, the mediaguidance application may store the fingerprints in a user's profileindicating that the fingerprints are for unique media assets that theuser has consumed. The user's profile may be located on a user equipmentdevice and/or a server.

The media guidance application may generate fingerprints for other mediathat the user is consuming or may consume in the future. Specifically,the media guidance application may generate a second plurality offingerprints for a second media content, where the second media contentincludes a second compilation of a second plurality of unique mediaassets different from the first plurality of unique media assets. Forexample, the media guidance application may traverse a media asset thatthe user is about to consume and generate fingerprints from the mediaasset. In some embodiments, the media guidance application may generatethe fingerprints at a specific time interval (e.g., one per frame, oneper ten frames, every one second, every ten seconds, every twentyseconds, every one minute, or another suitable interval).

The media guidance application may identify fingerprints that belong todifferent unique media assets in the compilation. Specifically, themedia guidance application may compare each fingerprint in the secondplurality of fingerprints with a next sequential fingerprint in thesecond plurality of fingerprints. For example, the media guidanceapplication may execute a routine to compare sequential fingerprints todetermine whether the fingerprints correspond to the same unique mediaasset or not. If two fingerprints match, the media guidance applicationmay associate the matching fingerprints with the same media asset; ifthey don't, the media guidance application may associate thosefingerprints with different media assets.

The media guidance application may generate a set of fingerprints forthe media content such that the fingerprints in the set may correspondto one of the unique media assets. Specifically, the media guidanceapplication may generate, based on comparing each fingerprint in thesecond plurality of fingerprints with the next sequential fingerprint inthe second plurality of fingerprints, a second set of fingerprints,where each fingerprint in the second set of fingerprints is associatedwith a unique media asset in the second plurality of unique mediaassets. For example, the media guidance application may create a setthat stores one fingerprint for each unique media asset. In someembodiments, the media guidance application may store several (e.g., asubset) fingerprints for each unique media asset.

The media guidance application may compare fingerprints associated witheach compilation to determine whether any unique media assets within thetwo compilations match. Specifically, the media guidance application maycompare fingerprints in the second set with fingerprints in the firstset. For example, if each set of fingerprints includes one fingerprintfor each unique media asset in the corresponding compilation, the mediaguidance application may iterate through each fingerprint in the secondset to compare the fingerprints in the second set with fingerprints ofthe first set. If one or more fingerprints match, the media guidanceapplication may determine that the second media content has some of thesame unique media assets as the first media content; thus, those uniquemedia assets have already been consumed by the user.

The media guidance application may present the second compilation andexclude the already consumed content so the user doesn't have to consumeit again. The media guidance application may generate for display thesecond media content without the unique media assets both in the firstmedia content and in the second media content. For example, the mediaguidance application may skip the unique media assets included in thefirst media content that are also included in the second media content.In some embodiments, the media guidance application may remove theunique media assets included in the first media content that are alsoincluded in the second media content from the second media content.

In some embodiments, the media guidance application may determine thelength of each unique media asset by taking the following actions. Themedia guidance application may compare a fingerprint in the first mediacontent that matches the unique media asset with each fingerprint in thesecond media content. The media guidance application may store, as astart time for the unique media asset, a time within the second mediacontent where the first fingerprint match is found and store, as the endtime of the unique media asset, the time within the second media contentwhen, chronologically, the last fingerprint matches the fingerprint inthe first media content. It should be noted that, in order for afingerprint to match another fingerprint, a perfect match is notnecessary. If enough of the content matches, the fingerprints match. Forexample, each fingerprint may include a plurality of characteristicsassociated with the content of a particular unique media asset (e.g.,luminance characteristics of video frames, transitions, frequency, colorcharacteristics, edges, peaks, motion characteristics of those frames,various audio characteristics, and other suitable characteristics). Whenthe fingerprints are compared, the corresponding characteristics arecompared, thus, if the media guidance application determines that athreshold of characteristics match, fingerprints are determined tomatch. In some embodiments, those characteristics are reduced to a hash(e.g., using a hash function), and the media guidance application maydetermine that fingerprints match hashes of the characteristics match.

In some embodiments, the media guidance application may update theuser's profile with fingerprints of unique media assets that the userhas consumed as part of consuming new content. Specifically, the mediaguidance application may determine that first the user finishedconsuming the second media asset. In response to determining that thefirst user finished consuming the second media asset, the media guidanceapplication may generate a subset of fingerprints for the second mediacontent, where the subset of fingerprints includes fingerprints forunique media assets included in the second media content and is notincluded in the first media content, and store the subset offingerprints in the profile associated with the first user. For example,if four out of six unique media assets in the second compilation werenot consumed by the user (e.g., while consuming the first compilation),the media guidance application may, upon the user finishing consumptionof the second compilation, store four fingerprints for the four uniquemedia assets in the profile associated with the user. It should be notedthat multiple fingerprints may be stored for each unique media asset.

In some embodiments, the media guidance application may generate thefirst plurality of fingerprints for the first media content byperforming the following actions. The media guidance application maydetermine, based on a duration associated with the first media content,a plurality of points within the first media content for generating theplurality of fingerprints, and generate each fingerprint in theplurality of fingerprints at a corresponding point of the plurality ofpoints. For example, the media guidance application may determine thatthe media content is one hundred minutes long and based on thatdetermine that a fingerprint should be generated every minute (e.g., onefingerprint for every one percent of the media content). In someembodiments, the media guidance application may generate a fingerprintand compare the fingerprint with a previous fingerprint. If the twofingerprints match, the media guidance application may refrain fromstoring the previous fingerprint and store the new fingerprint. In someembodiments, the media guidance application may refrain from storing anew fingerprint and keep the previous fingerprint. In some embodiments,both fingerprints may be stored.

The media guidance application may compare each fingerprint in the firstplurality of fingerprints with the next sequential fingerprint in thefirst plurality of fingerprints by performing the following actions. Themedia guidance application may retrieve a first fingerprint in the firstplurality of fingerprints and a second fingerprint in the firstplurality of fingerprints, where the first fingerprint and the secondfingerprint are chronologically sequential. The media guidanceapplication may compare content of the first fingerprint with content ofthe second fingerprint. For example, as the media guidance applicationgenerates fingerprints, the media guidance application may compare anewly generated fingerprint with a last previously generatedfingerprint. It should be noted that in some embodiments, the comparisonmay be performed after all fingerprints have been generated.

The media guidance application may determine whether a predefined amountof the content of the first fingerprint matches the content of thesecond fingerprint. For example, the media guidance application maycompare two fingerprints for two frames of a media asset. Because mostframes are not identical, most fingerprints generated based on thoseframes will not have identical data within those fingerprints. However,fingerprints of frames within unique media assets are similar enoughthat a match may be determined. As described above, each fingerprint mayinclude a plurality of characteristics associated with the content of aparticular unique media asset (e.g., luminance characteristics of videoframes, transitions, frequency, color characteristics, edges, peaks,motion characteristics of those frames, various audio characteristics,and other suitable characteristics). When the fingerprints are compared,the corresponding characteristics are compared, thus, if the mediaguidance application determines that a threshold of characteristicsmatch, fingerprints are determined to match. In some embodiments, thosecharacteristics are reduced to a hash (e.g., using a hash function), andthe media guidance application may determine that fingerprints matchhashes of the characteristics match. The media guidance application may,in response to determining that the predefined amount of the content ofthe first fingerprint matches the content of the second fingerprint,assign the first fingerprint and the second fingerprint to a firstunique media asset. For example, the media guidance application maygenerate separate data structures for storing fingerprints of differentunique media assets and store both fingerprints in the same datastructure.

The media guidance application may, in response to determining that thepredefined amount of the content of the first fingerprint does not matchthe content of the second fingerprint, assign the first fingerprint to afirst unique media asset and the second fingerprint to a second uniquemedia asset. For example, the media guidance application may storefingerprints for a second unique media asset in another data structure.

In some embodiments, the media guidance application may generate thefirst set of fingerprints by performing the following actions. The mediaguidance application may determine, based on comparing each fingerprintin the first plurality of fingerprints with the next sequentialfingerprint in the first plurality of fingerprints, a number of uniquemedia assets in the first media content, and generate a subset offingerprints for each unique media asset in the first media content. Themedia guidance application may assign each fingerprint to acorresponding subset. For example, the media guidance application maygenerate a data structure for a first unique media asset (i.e., thefirst subset) and, when a fingerprint is generated, assign thefingerprint to the first subset. As the media guidance applicationcontinues to generate fingerprints and a new fingerprint is generatedthat does not match the previous fingerprint (e.g., the new fingerprintis for a new unique media asset), the media guidance application maygenerate a new data structure for a new subset of fingerprints. In someembodiments, the media guidance application may generate allfingerprints first and determine based on the fingerprints (e.g., byperforming a comparison) how many unique media assets are included in acompilation and generate a data structure for each different subset offingerprints before storing the fingerprints in the appropriate datastructures (e.g., one data structure for fingerprints of a unique mediaasset).

In some embodiments, the media guidance application may compare thefingerprints in the second set with the fingerprints in the first set byperforming the following actions. The media guidance application maygenerate a second set of fingerprints, where the second set offingerprints includes a plurality of subsets, each subset includingfingerprints for each unique media asset in the second media content.For example, the media guidance application may generate a similarsubset of fingerprints for a second compilation as was generated for thefirst compilation. Specifically, each of the first set and the secondset would include one or more data structures containing subsets offingerprints, each subset including fingerprints for a unique mediaasset. It should be noted that each subset may be associated with itsown data structure.

The media guidance application may select a first subset of fingerprintsin the second set of fingerprints and a second subset of fingerprints inthe first set of fingerprints and compare each fingerprint in the firstsubset with each fingerprint in the second subset. For example, themedia guidance application may select a subset for a unique media assetin the second set and a subset for a unique media asset in the firstset. The fingerprints in each subset may be compared to determinewhether at least some of the fingerprints match.

In response to determining that a predetermined number of fingerprintsin the first subset match with fingerprints in the second subset, themedia guidance application may determine that the first subset matchesthe second subset. It should be noted that in some embodiments even asingle fingerprint match could result in determining that the subsetsbelong to the same unique media asset. In some embodiments, a specificnumber or amount (e.g., fifty percent) of fingerprints may be requiredto find a match.

In some embodiments, the media guidance application may determine theplurality of unique media assets both in the first media content and inthe second media content by taking the following actions. The mediaguidance application may store for the first set of fingerprints a firstplurality of subsets, each subset in the first plurality includingfingerprints for each unique media asset in the first media content. Forexample, the media guidance application may generate a data structurefor the first set of fingerprints and a data structure for each subsetrepresenting each unique media asset. The media guidance application maylink the data structure so they can be traversed.

The media guidance application may generate a second set offingerprints, where the second set of fingerprints includes a secondplurality of subsets, each subset including fingerprints for each uniquemedia asset in the second media content. For example, the media guidanceapplication may generate a data structure for the second set offingerprints and a data structure for each subset representing eachunique media asset. The media guidance application may link the datastructures for the second set with data structures for each subset sothey can be traversed.

The media guidance application may select a first subset from the firstset of fingerprints and the second subset from the second set offingerprints, and compare, in chronological order, each fingerprint inthe second subset with each fingerprint in the first subset. Forexample, the media guidance application may iterate through each subsetand compare fingerprints within the subsets in a chronological order.

The media guidance application may determine, based on comparing eachfingerprint in the second subset with each fingerprint in the firstsubset, that a first fingerprint in the first subset matches a secondfingerprint in the second subset. For example, as the media guidanceapplication iterates through each subset comparing fingerprints, themedia guidance application may identify two matching fingerprints. Themedia guidance application may store a first time corresponding to atime within the second media content when the second fingerprint wasgenerated, where the first time represents a start time for a firstunique media asset to exclude from presenting in the second mediacontent. For example, when the first matching fingerprint is foundwithin the second compilation, it may indicate that it is a start of aunique media asset. Thus, the media guidance application may store thetime of the fingerprint so the unique media asset may be excluded fromthe presentation starting at the stored time.

The media guidance application may compare each fingerprint in thesecond subset with each fingerprint in the first subset. For example,the media guidance application may iterate through fingerprints for eachsubset (i.e., each unique media asset) in the first compilation and eachsubset (i.e., each unique media asset) in the second compilation andcompare fingerprints within the subsets to determine whether any uniquemedia assets match.

The media guidance application may store a second time corresponding toa last fingerprint in the second subset, where the second timerepresents an end time for the first unique media asset to exclude frompresenting in the second media content. For example, the media guidanceapplication may iterate through each fingerprint in the second subset todetermine a time stamp on the last fingerprint and set that time stampas the end time of the excluded unique media asset.

In some embodiments, the media guidance application may present thesecond compilation without the excluded unique media asset by performingthe following actions. The media guidance application may generate fordisplay the second media content without a segment corresponding to thestart time and the end time representing the first unique media asset.For example, the media guidance application may skip the previouslyviewed unique media assets. In some embodiments, the media guidanceapplication may modify the second compilation to remove the previouslyviewed unique media assets. This may be useful when these media assetsare stored locally for the user to consume in order to save storagespace.

In some embodiments, when a second user accesses media content consumedby the first user, the media guidance application may instead ofgenerating a fresh set of fingerprints use the fingerprints alreadygenerated for the first user. Specifically, the media guidanceapplication may determine that a second user, different from the firstuser, is accessing the second media content, and in response todetermining that the second user, different from the first user, isaccessing the second media content, generate a pointer, in a profileassociated with the second user, to the second set of fingerprints. Forexample, if fingerprints for a television program were already generatedand stored in a first user's profile, the media guidance application maycreate a pointer to those fingerprints instead of generating them again.Thus, the media guidance application may have a repository forfingerprints of different unique media assets that have been previouslyviewed by various users. Each user profile may include pointers tolocations in the repository corresponding to the different unique mediaassets that those users have consumed. This type of configuration maysave storage space (i.e., each user's profile will not need to store thefingerprints) and save processing power where new fingerprints don'tneed to be created.

In some embodiments, the media guidance application may, when storing,in a profile associated with the first user, the fingerprint for eachmedia asset in the first plurality of unique media assets perform thefollowing actions. The media guidance application may store thefingerprint for each media asset in the first plurality of media assetsat a location accessible by a plurality of users, and store, in theprofile associated with the user, a link to the location accessible by aplurality of users. For example, the media guidance application maystore the fingerprints on a remote server and store a pointer in theuser's profile to a location on the server where the fingerprints may beaccessed.

It should be noted that the methods and system described herein may beapplied to playlists of media assets. For example, an editor maygenerate a playlist of media assets (e.g., highlights of differentsporting events). Instead of stitching together the different highlightsinto one media asset, the editor may generate a playlist of thedifferent clips. If the media guidance application receives a command toplay the playlist, the media guidance application may apply the samemethods and systems as are applied to the compilation of media assets.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The above and other objects and advantages of the disclosure will beapparent upon consideration of the following detailed description, takenin conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which like referencecharacters refer to like parts throughout, and in which:

FIG. 1 shows an illustrative example of data structure that includes aset of fingerprints for media content that was consumed by a user and aset of fingerprints for media content that has not yet been consumed bythe user, in accordance with some embodiments of the disclosure;

FIG. 2 shows an illustrative example of a display screen for use inaccessing media content in accordance with some embodiments of thedisclosure;

FIG. 3 shows another illustrative example of a display screen for use inaccessing media content in accordance with some embodiments of thedisclosure;

FIG. 4 is a block diagram of an illustrative user equipment device inaccordance with some embodiments of the disclosure;

FIG. 5 is a block diagram of an illustrative media system in accordancewith some embodiments of the disclosure;

FIG. 6 is a flowchart of illustrative actions for excluding consumedcontent from a content presentation, in accordance with some embodimentsof the disclosure;

FIG. 7 is another flowchart of illustrative actions for excludingconsumed content from a content presentation, in accordance with someembodiments of the disclosure;

FIG. 8 is a flowchart of illustrative actions for comparing sequentialfingerprints, in accordance with some embodiments of the disclosure;

FIG. 9 is a flowchart of illustrative actions for determining whichunique media assets to exclude from media content presentation, inaccordance with some embodiments of the disclosure; and

FIG. 10 is an illustrative example of three compilations that includevarious unique media assets.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

System and method are disclosed herein for excluding consumed contentfrom a content presentation. Specifically, fingerprints for each uniquemedia asset included in a compilation of media content consumed by auser may be generated and stored in a user's profile. Fingerprints foreach unique media asset included in another compilation of media contentmay be generated and compared with fingerprints stored in the user'sprofile to determine which of the unique media assets in the othercompilation have been consumed by the user. The second compilation maybe presented to the user without the unique media assets that wereconsumed.

The media guidance application may receive multiple media fingerprintsfor a compilation of media content consumed by a user. Specifically, themedia guidance application may generate a first plurality offingerprints for a first media content consumed by a first user, wherethe first media content includes a first compilation of a firstplurality of unique media assets. For example, the media guidanceapplication may traverse the media content and generate a fingerprint ata specific time interval (e.g., every frame, every ten frames, everysecond, every ten seconds, twenty seconds, one minute, five minutes, oranother suitable interval). Various algorithms are available that enablea system to generate a fingerprint of a media asset. For example, somealgorithms use luminance characteristics of video frames others usetransitions, frequency, color characteristics, edges, peaks, motioncharacteristics of those frames, and/or various audio characteristics.In some embodiments, it may be useful to execute a combination ofalgorithms so better results may be achieved.

The media guidance application may identify fingerprints that belong todifferent unique media assets in the compilation. Specifically, themedia guidance application may compare each fingerprint in the firstplurality of fingerprints with a next sequential fingerprint in thefirst plurality of fingerprint. For example, the media guidanceapplication may iterate through the first plurality of fingerprints andexecute a routine to compare sequential fingerprints. The routine maytake as input two fingerprints and run a comparison algorithm on thefingerprints. The routine may output an indication whether thefingerprints match. This operation may be repeated on every pair ofsequential fingerprints and the results may be stored.

The media guidance application may generate a set of fingerprints forthe media content such that the fingerprints in the set may correspondto one of the unique media assets. Specifically, the media guidanceapplication may generate, based on comparing each fingerprint in thefirst plurality of fingerprints with the next sequential fingerprint inthe first plurality of fingerprints, a first set of fingerprints, whereeach fingerprint in the first set of fingerprints is associated with aunique media asset in the first plurality of unique media assets. Forexample, the media guidance application may generate data structure 100of FIG. 1 and store fingerprint data in fields 104 with fields 102storing an identifier of a unique media asset that the fingerprint datais associated with. The media guidance application may initialize datastructure 100 with only one pair of fields 102 and 104 (i.e., one field102 and one field 104). The media guidance application may iteratethrough the data that indicates whether two fingerprints match, andevery time there is a match, store the matching fingerprints in theinitialized field 104. However, when two fingerprints do not match, themedia guidance application may generate a new pair of fields 102 and 104(e.g., for a next unique media asset) and store the first fingerprint inthe first pair of fields 102 and 104 and store the second fingerprint(i.e., the sequential non-matching fingerprint) in the newly generatedfield 104. In some embodiments, the media guidance application may storeone fingerprint for each unique media asset. However, in otherembodiments, the media guidance application may store multiplefingerprints for each unique media asset. In yet some embodiments, themedia guidance application may combine characteristics of multiplefingerprints into a single fingerprint that may be compared.

The media guidance application may store, in a profile associated withthe first user, the first set of fingerprints. For example, the mediaguidance application may store data structure 100 in the user's profile.In some embodiments, the media guidance application may extract theinformation from data structure 100 and store the information in adifferent format in the user's profile. The media guidance applicationmay be configured to transform the fingerprint data in fields 104 andmedia asset identifier data in field 102 into a proper format. Theuser's profile may be located on a user equipment device and/or aserver.

The media guidance application may generate fingerprints for other mediathat the user is consuming or may consume in the future. Specifically,the media guidance application may generate a second plurality offingerprints for a second media content, where the second media contentincludes a second compilation of a second plurality of unique mediaassets different from the first plurality of unique media assets. Forexample, the media guidance application may traverse the media contentand generate a fingerprint at a specific time interval (e.g., every tenseconds, twenty seconds, one minute, five minutes, or another suitableinterval). Various algorithms are available that enable a system togenerate a fingerprint of a media asset. For example, some algorithmsuse luminance characteristics of video frames; others use transitions,frequency, color characteristics, edges, peaks, motion characteristicsof those frames, and/or various audio characteristics. In someembodiments, it may be useful to execute a combination of algorithms sobetter results may be achieved.

The media guidance application may identify fingerprints that belong todifferent unique media assets in the compilation. Specifically, themedia guidance application may compare each fingerprint in the secondplurality of fingerprints with a next sequential fingerprint in thesecond plurality of fingerprints. For example, the media guidanceapplication may iterate through the second plurality of fingerprints andexecute a routine to compare sequential fingerprints. The routine maytake as input two fingerprints and run a comparison algorithm on thefingerprints. The routine may output an indication whether thefingerprints match. This operation may be repeated on every pair ofsequential fingerprints and stored.

The media guidance application may generate a set of fingerprints forthe media content such that the fingerprints in the set may correspondto one of the unique media assets. Specifically, the media guidanceapplication may generate, based on comparing each fingerprint in thesecond plurality of fingerprints with the next sequential fingerprint inthe second plurality of fingerprints, a second set of fingerprints,where each fingerprint in the second set of fingerprints is associatedwith a unique media asset in the second plurality of unique mediaassets. For example, the media guidance application may generate datastructure 120 of FIG. 1 and store fingerprint data in fields 124 withfields 122, storing an identifier of a unique media asset that thefingerprint data is associated with. The media guidance application mayinitialize data structure 120 with only one pair of fields 122 and 124(i.e., one field 122 and one field 124). The media guidance applicationmay iterate through the data that indicates whether two fingerprintsmatch and every time there is a match store the matching fingerprints inthe initialized field 124. However, when two fingerprints do not match,the media guidance application may generate a new pair of fields 122 and124 (e.g., for a next unique media asset) and store the firstfingerprint in the first pair of fields 122 and 124 and store the secondfingerprint (i.e., the sequential non-matching fingerprint in the newlygenerated) in the newly generated field 124. It should be noted thateach fingerprint may only be stored once. In some embodiments, the mediaguidance application may store one fingerprint for each unique mediaasset. However, in other embodiments, the media guidance application maystore multiple fingerprints for each unique media asset. In yet someembodiments, the media guidance application may combine characteristicsof multiple fingerprints into a single fingerprint that may be compared.

The media guidance application may compare fingerprints associated witheach compilation to determine whether any unique media assets within thetwo compilations match. Specifically, the media guidance application maycompare fingerprints in the second set with fingerprints in the firstset. For example, if each field 104 and each field 124 includes onefingerprint for each unique media asset in the correspondingcompilation, the media guidance application may iterate through eachfingerprint (i.e., each field 124) and compare the fingerprint data withfingerprint data in each field 104. If one or more fingerprints match,the media guidance application may store identifier 122 that correspondsto a fingerprint that matches as a unique media asset that the user hasalready consumed. It should be noted that the media guidance applicationmay store the identifier in the user's profile such that dataidentifying the unique media asset for the second media content that isassociated with the user indicates a match.

The media guidance application may present the second compilation andexclude the already consumed content so the user doesn't have to consumeit again. The media guidance application may generate for display thesecond media content without the unique media assets both in the firstmedia content and in the second media content. For example, the mediaguidance application may retrieve a list of unique media assets from theuser profile that are marked as already viewed and skip the timeinterval in the playback when those media assets appear. In someembodiments, the media guidance application may remove the timeintervals corresponding to unique media assets that have matched andstore the media content without those segments.

In some embodiments, the media guidance application may determine thelength of each unique media asset by comparing the fingerprint in thefirst media content with each fingerprint in the second media contentand storing, as a start time of each unique media asset, the time withinthe second media content where the first fingerprint match is found andstoring, as the end time of each unique media asset, the time within thesecond media content when, chronologically, the last fingerprint matchesthe fingerprint in the first media content. It should be noted that inorder for a fingerprint to match another fingerprint a perfect matchbetween the contents of the fingerprints is not necessary. As describedabove, each fingerprint may include a plurality of characteristicsassociated with the content of a particular unique media asset (e.g.,luminance characteristics of video frames, transitions, frequency, colorcharacteristics, edges, peaks, motion characteristics of those frames,various audio characteristics, and other suitable characteristics). Whenthe fingerprints are compared, the corresponding characteristics arecompared, thus, if the media guidance application determines that athreshold of characteristics match, fingerprints are determined tomatch. In some embodiments, those characteristics are reduced to a hash(e.g., using a hash function), and the media guidance application maydetermine that fingerprints match hashes of the characteristics match.

In some embodiments, the media guidance application may update theuser's profile with fingerprints of unique media assets that the userhas consumed as part of consuming new content. Specifically, the mediaguidance application may determine that first the user finishedconsuming the second media asset. In response to determining that thefirst user finished consuming the second media asset, the media guidanceapplication may generate a subset of fingerprints for the second mediacontent, where the subset of fingerprints includes fingerprints forunique media assets included in the second media content and is notincluded in the first media content, and store the subset offingerprints in the profile associated with the first user. For example,the media guidance application may generate sets of fingerprints (e.g.,data structure 120) for each media asset that the user consumes. Themedia guidance application may store the set (e.g., data structure 120)in a user's profile. In some embodiments, the media guidance applicationmay extract the unique media asset identifier data 122 and fingerprintdata 124 from the data structure and store the data in the user'sprofile with a link between the corresponding identifier and fingerprintdata.

In some embodiments, the media guidance application may generate thefirst plurality of fingerprints for the first media content byperforming the following actions. The media guidance application maydetermine, based on a duration associated with the first media content,a plurality of points within the first media content for generating theplurality of fingerprints, and generate each fingerprint in theplurality of fingerprints at a corresponding point of the plurality ofpoints. For example, the media guidance application may determine atotal length of the media content and identify points within the mediacontent for fingerprint generation. In one example, if the media contentis under sixty minutes, the media guidance application may generate afingerprint every minute or every 30 seconds. However, if the mediacontent is over sixty minutes in length, the media guidance applicationmay generate one hundred fingerprints spread evenly within the mediacontent. Other frequency of fingerprint generation may be created aswell (e.g., every thirty seconds). In some embodiments, the mediaguidance application may generate a fingerprint and compare thefingerprint with a previous fingerprint; if the two fingerprints match,the media guidance application may refrain from storing the previousfingerprint and store the new fingerprint. In some embodiments, themedia guidance application may refrain from storing a new fingerprintand keep the previous fingerprint. In some embodiments, bothfingerprints may be stored.

The media guidance application may compare each fingerprint in the firstplurality of fingerprints with the next sequential fingerprint in thefirst plurality of fingerprint by performing the following actions. Themedia guidance application may retrieve a first fingerprint in the firstplurality of fingerprints and a second fingerprint in the firstplurality of fingerprints, where the first fingerprint and the secondfingerprints are chronologically sequential, and compare content of thefirst fingerprint with content of the second fingerprint. For example,as the media guidance application generates fingerprints, the mediaguidance application may keep the last generated fingerprint in memory(e.g., in data structure 100 stored in volatile memory) and compare anewly generated fingerprint with the fingerprint in memory. It should benoted that in some embodiments, the comparison may be performed afterall fingerprints have been generated. Thus, the media guidanceapplication may retrieve the fingerprint from memory just beforecomparison.

The media guidance application may determine whether a predefined amountof the content of the first fingerprint matches the content of thesecond fingerprint. For example, the media guidance application maycompare two fingerprints for two frames of the media content. Becausemost frames are not identical, most fingerprints generated based onthose frames will not have identical data within those fingerprints.However, fingerprints of frames within unique media assets are similarenough that a match may be determined. For example, if fingerprints aregenerated by executing a hash algorithm on pixels of frames, twoconsecutive frames may not be identical (e.g., two frames may haveninety-five percent of pixels within those frames that are identical).Thus, the hashes for the two frames may be slightly different. In theseembodiments, the media guidance application may determine a match infingerprints if the two hashes are within a threshold difference of eachother. It should be noted that in some embodiments different way ofgenerating fingerprints may be implemented that require perfect matchesbetween the fingerprints. The media guidance application may, inresponse to determining that the predefined amount of the content of thefirst fingerprint matches the content of the second fingerprint, assignthe first fingerprint and the second fingerprint to a first unique mediaasset. For example, the media guidance application may compare differentdata within the fingerprints (e.g., luminance number, colorcharacteristics, edges, peaks, motion characteristics of those frames,various audio characteristics, and/or other suitable data). If twofingerprints have enough characteristics that are similar, then themedia guidance application may determine that the fingerprints match. Ifa match is found, the media guidance application may store bothfingerprints, for example, in data structure 100 in corresponding fields102 and 104.

The media guidance application may, in response to determining that thepredefined amount of the content of the first fingerprint does not matchthe content of the second fingerprint, assign the first fingerprint to afirst unique media asset and the second fingerprint to a second uniquemedia asset. If a match is not found, the media guidance application maystore one fingerprint, in a field 104 corresponding to one identifier102 and a second fingerprint in a different field 104 corresponding to asecond identifier 102. In some embodiments, the media guidanceapplication may generate new fields 102 and 104 on the fly, and in someembodiments the fields may be pre-generated.

In some embodiments, the media guidance application may generate thefirst set of fingerprints by performing the following actions. The mediaguidance application may determine, based on comparing each fingerprintin the first plurality of fingerprints with the next sequentialfingerprint in the first plurality of fingerprints, a number of uniquemedia assets in the first media content, and generate a subset offingerprints for each unique media asset in the first media content. Themedia guidance application may assign each fingerprint to acorresponding subset. For example, the media guidance application maygenerate a data structure (e.g., a data structure that includes onefield 102 and one field 104) for a first unique media asset (i.e., thefirst subset) and, when a fingerprint is generated, assign thefingerprint to the first subset (e.g., copy the fingerprint into field104 or copy a link to the fingerprint into field 104). As the mediaguidance application continues to generate fingerprints and a newfingerprint is generated that does not match the previous fingerprint(i.e., the new fingerprint is for a new unique media asset), the mediaguidance application may generate a new data structure (e.g., datastructure including a new field 102 and a new field 104) for a newsubset of fingerprints. In some embodiments, the media guidanceapplication may generate all fingerprints first and determine based onthe fingerprints (e.g., by performing a comparison) how many uniquemedia assets are included in a compilation and generate a data structurefor each different subset of fingerprints (e.g., a data structureincluding a field 102 and a field 104) before storing the fingerprintsin the appropriate data structures.

In some embodiments, the media guidance application may compare thefingerprints in the second set with the fingerprints in the first set byperforming the following actions. The media guidance application maygenerate a second set of fingerprints, where the second set offingerprints includes a plurality of subsets, each subset includingfingerprints for each unique media asset in the second media content.For example, the media guidance application may generate a similarsubset of fingerprints for a second compilation as was generated for thefirst compilation. Specifically, each of the first set and the secondset would include one or more data structures (e.g., data structure 100and 120) containing subsets of fingerprints (e.g., each subset includinga field 102 and a field 104 or a field 122 and a field 124) each subsetincluding fingerprints for a unique media asset.

The media guidance application may select a first subset of fingerprintsin the second set of fingerprints and a second subset of fingerprints inthe first set of fingerprints and compare each fingerprint in the firstsubset with each fingerprint in the second subset. For example, themedia guidance application may select a pair of fields 102 and 104corresponding to unique media asset 1 of data structure 100, and a pairof fields 122 and 124 corresponding to unique media asset 1 of datastructure 120.

In response to determining that a predetermined number of fingerprintsin the first subset match with fingerprints in the second subset, themedia guidance application may determine that the first subset matchesthe second subset. It should be noted that in some embodiments even asingle fingerprint match could result in determining that the subsetsbelong to the same unique media asset. In some embodiments, a specificnumber or amount (e.g., fifty percent) of fingerprints may be requiredto find a match.

In some embodiments, the media guidance application may determine theplurality of unique media assets both in the first media content and inthe second media content by taking the following actions. The mediaguidance application may store for the first set of fingerprints a firstplurality of subsets, each subset in the first plurality includingfingerprints for each unique media asset in the first media content. Asdiscussed above, data structure 100 may include subsets (e.g., foursubsets), each subset corresponding to a unique media asset.

The media guidance application may generate a second set offingerprints, where the second set of fingerprints includes a secondplurality of subsets, each subset including fingerprints for each uniquemedia asset in the second media content. As discussed above, datastructure 120 may include subsets (e.g., four subsets), each subsetcorresponding to a unique media asset. The media guidance applicationmay link the data structures for the second set with data structures foreach subset so they can be traversed. For example, unique media asset 1of data structure 120, together with the corresponding fingerprint data,may be stored as a data structure. Each of the four data structuresshown within data structure 120 may be linked together to create datastructure 120.

The media guidance application may select a first subset from the firstset of fingerprints and the second subset from the second set offingerprints, and compare, in chronological order, each fingerprint inthe second subset with each fingerprint in the first subset. Forexample, the media guidance application may iterate through each subset(e.g., each of corresponding fields 104 and 124), and comparefingerprints within the subsets in a chronological order.

The media guidance application may determine, based on comparing eachfingerprint in the second subset with each fingerprint in the firstsubset, that a first fingerprint in the first subset matches a secondfingerprint in the second subset. For example, as the media guidanceapplication iterates through each subset comparing fingerprints, themedia guidance application may identify two matching fingerprints. Themedia guidance application may store a first time corresponding to atime within the second media content when the second fingerprint wasgenerated, where the first time represents a start time for a firstunique media asset to exclude from presenting in the second mediacontent. For example, when the first matching fingerprint is foundwithin the second compilation, it may indicate that it is a start of aunique media asset. Thus, the media guidance may store the time of thefingerprint so the unique media asset may be excluded from thepresentation starting at the stored start time.

The media guidance application may compare each fingerprint in thesecond subset with each fingerprint in the first subset. For example,the media guidance application may iterate through fingerprints for eachsubset (i.e., each unique media asset) in the first compilation and eachsubset (i.e., each unique media asset) in the second compilation andcompare fingerprints within the subsets to determine whether any uniquemedia assets match.

The media guidance application may determine, based on comparing eachfingerprint in the second subset with each fingerprint in the firstsubset, that a first fingerprint in the first subset matches a secondfingerprint in the second subset, and store a first time correspondingto a time within the second media content when the second fingerprintwas generated, where the first time represents a start time for a firstunique media asset to exclude from presenting in the second mediacontent. For example, the media guidance application may keep iteratingthrough fingerprints until a match is found. The match signals the mediaguidance application that the time of the fingerprint within the secondmedia asset is the start time of a unique media asset to exclude fromthe media content presentation.

The media guidance application may store a second time corresponding toa last fingerprint in the second subset, where the second timerepresents an end time for the first unique media asset to exclude frompresenting in the second media content. For example, the media guidanceapplication may iterate through each fingerprint in the second subset todetermine a time stamp of the last fingerprint and set that time stampas the end time of the excluded unique media asset.

In some embodiments, the media guidance application may present thesecond compilation without the excluded unique media asset by performingthe following actions. The media guidance application may generate fordisplay the second media content without a segment corresponding to thestart time and the end time representing the first unique media asset.For example, the media guidance application may store time intervals foreach unique media asset within the second media content to refrain fromdisplay. As the media content is being generated for display, the mediaguidance application may determine that a time within the media contentcorresponds to a start point. The media guidance application mayidentify, based on stored data, a corresponding end point for the uniquemedia asset, and skip the frames between those two points. In someembodiments, the media guidance application may modify the secondcompilation to remove the previously viewed unique media assets. Thismay be useful when these media assets are stored locally for the user toconsume in order to save storage space.

In some embodiments, when a second user accesses media content consumedby the first user, the media guidance application may instead ofgenerating a fresh set of fingerprints use the fingerprints alreadygenerated for the first user. Specifically, the media guidanceapplication may determine that a second user, different from the firstuser, is accessing the second media content, and in response todetermining that the second user, different from the first user, isaccessing the second media content, generating a pointer, in a profileassociated with the second user, to the second set of fingerprints. Forexample, if fingerprints for a television program were already generatedand stored in a first user's profile, the media guidance application maycreate a pointer to those fingerprints instead of generating them again.

In some embodiments, the media guidance application may, when storing,in a profile associated with the first user, the fingerprint for eachmedia asset in the first plurality of unique media assets, perform thefollowing actions. The media guidance application may store thefingerprint for each media asset in the first plurality of media assetsat a location accessible by a plurality of users, and store, in theprofile associated with the user, a link to the location accessible by aplurality of users. For example, the media guidance application maystore the fingerprints on a remote server and store a pointer in theuser's profile to a location on the server where the fingerprints may beaccessed.

It should be noted that the methods and system described herein may beapplied to playlists of media assets. For example, an editor maygenerate a playlist of media assets (e.g., highlights of differentsporting events). Instead of stitching together the different highlightsinto one media asset, the editor may generate a playlist of thedifferent clips. If the media guidance application receives a command toplay the playlist, the media guidance application may apply the samemethods and systems as are applied to the compilation of media assets.For example, fields 102 and 122 of FIG. 1 may store identifiers forvideo clips within the generated playlists and fields 104 and 124 maystore fingerprints for those clips.

The amount of content available to users in any given content deliverysystem can be substantial. Consequently, many users desire a form ofmedia guidance through an interface that allows users to efficientlynavigate content selections and easily identify content that they maydesire. An application that provides such guidance is referred to hereinas an interactive media guidance application or, sometimes, a mediaguidance application or a guidance application.

Interactive media guidance applications may take various forms dependingon the content for which they provide guidance. One typical type ofmedia guidance application is an interactive television program guide.Interactive television program guides (sometimes referred to aselectronic program guides) are well-known guidance applications that,among other things, allow users to navigate among and locate many typesof content or media assets. Interactive media guidance applications maygenerate graphical user interface screens that enable a user to navigateamong, locate and select content. As referred to herein, the terms“media asset” and “content” should be understood to mean anelectronically consumable user asset, such as television programming, aswell as pay-per-view programs, on-demand programs (as in video-on-demand(VOD) systems), Internet content (e.g., streaming content, downloadablecontent, Webcasts, etc.), video clips, audio, content information,pictures, rotating images, documents, playlists, websites, articles,books, electronic books, blogs, chat sessions, social media,applications, games, and/or any other media or multimedia and/orcombination of the same. Guidance applications also allow users tonavigate among and locate content. As referred to herein, the term“multimedia” should be understood to mean content that utilizes at leasttwo different content forms described above, for example, text, audio,images, video, or interactivity content forms. Content may be recorded,played, displayed or accessed by user equipment devices, but can also bepart of a live performance.

The media guidance application and/or any instructions for performingany of the embodiments discussed herein may be encoded on computerreadable media. Computer readable media includes any media capable ofstoring data. The computer readable media may be transitory, including,but not limited to, propagating electrical or electromagnetic signals,or may be non-transitory including, but not limited to, volatile andnon-volatile computer memory or storage devices such as a hard disk,floppy disk, USB drive, DVD, CD, media cards, register memory, processorcaches, Random Access Memory (“RAM”), etc.

With the advent of the Internet, mobile computing, and high-speedwireless networks, users are accessing media on user equipment deviceson which they traditionally did not. As referred to herein, the phrase“user equipment device,” “user equipment,” “user device,” “electronicdevice,” “electronic equipment,” “media equipment device,” or “mediadevice” should be understood to mean any device for accessing thecontent described above, such as a television, a Smart TV, a set-topbox, an integrated receiver decoder (IRD) for handling satellitetelevision, a digital storage device, a digital media receiver (DMR), adigital media adapter (DMA), a streaming media device, a DVD player, aDVD recorder, a connected DVD, a local media server, a BLU-RAY player, aBLU-RAY recorder, a personal computer (PC), a laptop computer, a tabletcomputer, a WebTV box, a personal computer television (PC/TV), a PCmedia server, a PC media center, a hand-held computer, a stationarytelephone, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a mobile telephone, aportable video player, a portable music player, a portable gamingmachine, a smart phone, or any other television equipment, computingequipment, or wireless device, and/or combination of the same. In someembodiments, the user equipment device may have a front facing screenand a rear facing screen, multiple front screens, or multiple angledscreens. In some embodiments, the user equipment device may have a frontfacing camera and/or a rear facing camera. On these user equipmentdevices, users may be able to navigate among and locate the same contentavailable through a television. Consequently, media guidance may beavailable on these devices, as well. The guidance provided may be forcontent available only through a television, for content available onlythrough one or more of other types of user equipment devices, or forcontent available both through a television and one or more of the othertypes of user equipment devices. The media guidance applications may beprovided as on-line applications (i.e., provided on a web-site), or asstand-alone applications or clients on user equipment devices. Variousdevices and platforms that may implement media guidance applications aredescribed in more detail below.

One of the functions of the media guidance application is to providemedia guidance data to users. As referred to herein, the phrase “mediaguidance data” or “guidance data” should be understood to mean any datarelated to content or data used in operating the guidance application.For example, the guidance data may include program information, guidanceapplication settings, user preferences, user profile information, medialistings, media-related information (e.g., broadcast times, broadcastchannels, titles, descriptions, ratings information (e.g., parentalcontrol ratings, critic's ratings, etc.), genre or category information,actor information, logo data for broadcasters' or providers' logos,etc.), media format (e.g., standard definition, high definition, 3D,etc.), on-demand information, blogs, websites, and any other type ofguidance data that is helpful for a user to navigate among and locatedesired content selections.

FIGS. 2-3 show illustrative display screens that may be used to providemedia guidance data. The display screens shown in FIGS. 2-3 may beimplemented on any suitable user equipment device or platform. While thedisplays of FIGS. 2-3 are illustrated as full screen displays, they mayalso be fully or partially overlaid over content being displayed. A usermay indicate a desire to access content information by selecting aselectable option provided in a display screen (e.g., a menu option, alistings option, an icon, a hyperlink, etc.) or pressing a dedicatedbutton (e.g., a GUIDE button) on a remote control or other user inputinterface or device. In response to the user's indication, the mediaguidance application may provide a display screen with media guidancedata organized in one of several ways, such as by time and channel in agrid, by time, by channel, by source, by content type, by category(e.g., movies, sports, news, children, or other categories ofprogramming), or other predefined, user-defined, or other organizationcriteria.

FIG. 2 shows illustrative grid of a program listings display 200arranged by time and channel that also enables access to different typesof content in a single display. Display 200 may include grid 202 with:(1) a column of channel/content type identifiers 204, where eachchannel/content type identifier (which is a cell in the column)identifies a different channel or content type available; and (2) a rowof time identifiers 206, where each time identifier (which is a cell inthe row) identifies a time block of programming. Grid 202 also includescells of program listings, such as program listing 208, where eachlisting provides the title of the program provided on the listing'sassociated channel and time. With a user input device, a user can selectprogram listings by moving highlight region 210. Information relating tothe program listing selected by highlight region 210 may be provided inprogram information region 212. Region 212 may include, for example, theprogram title, the program description, the time the program is provided(if applicable), the channel the program is on (if applicable), theprogram's rating, and other desired information.

In addition to providing access to linear programming (e.g., contentthat is scheduled to be transmitted to a plurality of user equipmentdevices at a predetermined time and is provided according to aschedule), the media guidance application also provides access tonon-linear programming (e.g., content accessible to a user equipmentdevice at any time and is not provided according to a schedule).Non-linear programming may include content from different contentsources including on-demand content (e.g., VOD), Internet content (e.g.,streaming media, downloadable media, etc.), locally stored content(e.g., content stored on any user equipment device described above orother storage device), or other time-independent content. On-demandcontent may include movies or any other content provided by a particularcontent provider (e.g., HBO On Demand providing “The Sopranos” and “CurbYour Enthusiasm”). HBO ON DEMAND is a service mark owned by Time WarnerCompany L.P. et al. and THE SOPRANOS and CURB YOUR ENTHUSIASM aretrademarks owned by the Home Box Office, Inc. Internet content mayinclude web events, such as a chat session or Webcast, or contentavailable on-demand as streaming content or downloadable content throughan Internet web site or other Internet access (e.g. FTP).

Grid 202 may provide media guidance data for non-linear programmingincluding on-demand listing 214, recorded content listing 216, andInternet content listing 218. A display combining media guidance datafor content from different types of content sources is sometimesreferred to as a “mixed-media” display. Various permutations of thetypes of media guidance data that may be displayed that are differentthan display 200 may be based on user selection or guidance applicationdefinition (e.g., a display of only recorded and broadcast listings,only on-demand and broadcast listings, etc.). As illustrated, listings214, 216, and 218 are shown as spanning the entire time block displayedin grid 202 to indicate that selection of these listings may provideaccess to a display dedicated to on-demand listings, recorded listings,or Internet listings, respectively. In some embodiments, listings forthese content types may be included directly in grid 202. Additionalmedia guidance data may be displayed in response to the user selectingone of the navigational icons 220. (Pressing an arrow key on a userinput device may affect the display in a similar manner as selectingnavigational icons 220.)

Display 200 may also include video region 222, and options region 226.Video region 222 may allow the user to view and/or preview programs thatare currently available, will be available, or were available to theuser. The content of video region 222 may correspond to, or beindependent from, one of the listings displayed in grid 202. Griddisplays including a video region are sometimes referred to aspicture-in-guide (PIG) displays. PIG displays and their functionalitiesare described in greater detail in Satterfield et al. U.S. Pat. No.6,564,378, issued May 13, 2003 and Yuen et al. U.S. Pat. No. 6,239,794,issued May 29, 2001, which are hereby incorporated by reference hereinin their entireties. PIG displays may be included in other mediaguidance application display screens of the embodiments describedherein.

Options region 226 may allow the user to access different types ofcontent, media guidance application displays, and/or media guidanceapplication features. Options region 226 may be part of display 200 (andother display screens described herein), or may be invoked by a user byselecting an on-screen option or pressing a dedicated or assignablebutton on a user input device. The selectable options within optionsregion 226 may concern features related to program listings in grid 202or may include options available from a main menu display. Featuresrelated to program listings may include searching for other air times orways of receiving a program, recording a program, enabling seriesrecording of a program, setting program and/or channel as a favorite,purchasing a program, or other features. Options available from a mainmenu display may include search options, VOD options, parental controloptions, Internet options, cloud-based options, device synchronizationoptions, second screen device options, options to access various typesof media guidance data displays, options to subscribe to a premiumservice, options to edit a user's profile, options to access a browseoverlay, or other options.

The media guidance application may be personalized based on a user'spreferences. A personalized media guidance application allows a user tocustomize displays and features to create a personalized “experience”with the media guidance application. This personalized experience may becreated by allowing a user to input these customizations and/or by themedia guidance application monitoring user activity to determine varioususer preferences. Users may access their personalized guidanceapplication by logging in or otherwise identifying themselves to theguidance application. Customization of the media guidance applicationmay be made in accordance with a user profile. The customizations mayinclude varying presentation schemes (e.g., color scheme of displays,font size of text, etc.), aspects of content listings displayed (e.g.,only HDTV or only 3D programming, user-specified broadcast channelsbased on favorite channel selections, re-ordering the display ofchannels, recommended content, etc.), desired recording features (e.g.,recording or series recordings for particular users, recording quality,etc.), parental control settings, customized presentation of Internetcontent (e.g., presentation of social media content, e-mail,electronically delivered articles, etc.) and other desiredcustomizations.

The media guidance application may allow a user to provide user profileinformation or may automatically compile user profile information. Themedia guidance application may, for example, monitor the content theuser accesses and/or other interactions the user may have with theguidance application. Additionally, the media guidance application mayobtain all or part of other user profiles that are related to aparticular user (e.g., from other web sites on the Internet the useraccesses, such as www.Tivo.com, from other media guidance applicationsthe user accesses, from other interactive applications the useraccesses, from another user equipment device of the user, etc.), and/orobtain information about the user from other sources that the mediaguidance application may access. As a result, a user can be providedwith a unified guidance application experience across the user'sdifferent user equipment devices. This type of user experience isdescribed in greater detail below in connection with FIG. 5. Additionalpersonalized media guidance application features are described ingreater detail in Ellis et al., U.S. Patent Application Publication No.2005/0251827, filed Jul. 11, 2005, Boyer et al., U.S. Pat. No.7,165,098, issued Jan. 16, 2007, and Ellis et al., U.S. PatentApplication Publication No. 2002/0174430, filed Feb. 21, 2002, which arehereby incorporated by reference herein in their entireties.

Another display arrangement for providing media guidance is shown inFIG. 3. Video mosaic display 300 includes selectable options 302 forcontent information organized based on content type, genre, and/or otherorganization criteria. In display 300, television listings option 304 isselected, thus providing listings 306, 308, 310, and 312 as broadcastprogram listings. In display 300 the listings may provide graphicalimages including cover art, still images from the content, video clippreviews, live video from the content, or other types of content thatindicate to a user the content being described by the media guidancedata in the listing. Each of the graphical listings may also beaccompanied by text to provide further information about the contentassociated with the listing. For example, listing 308 may include morethan one portion, including media portion 314 and text portion 316.Media portion 314 and/or text portion 316 may be selectable to viewcontent in full-screen or to view information related to the contentdisplayed in media portion 314 (e.g., to view listings for the channelthat the video is displayed on).

The listings in display 300 are of different sizes (i.e., listing 306 islarger than listings 308, 310, and 312), but if desired, all thelistings may be the same size. Listings may be of different sizes orgraphically accentuated to indicate degrees of interest to the user orto emphasize certain content, as desired by the content provider orbased on user preferences. Various systems and methods for graphicallyaccentuating content listings are discussed in, for example, Yates, U.S.Patent Application Publication No. 2010/0153885, filed Nov. 12, 2009,which is hereby incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.

Users may access content and the media guidance application (and itsdisplay screens described above and below) from one or more of theiruser equipment devices. FIG. 4 shows a generalized embodiment ofillustrative user equipment device 400. More specific implementations ofuser equipment devices are discussed below in connection with FIG. 5.User equipment device 400 may receive content and data via input/output(hereinafter “I/O”) path 402. I/O path 402 may provide content (e.g.,broadcast programming, on-demand programming, Internet content, contentavailable over a local area network (LAN) or wide area network (WAN),and/or other content) and data to control circuitry 404, which includesprocessing circuitry 406 and storage 408. Control circuitry 404 may beused to send and receive commands, requests, and other suitable datausing I/O path 402. I/O path 402 may connect control circuitry 404 (andspecifically processing circuitry 406) to one or more communicationspaths (described below). I/O functions may be provided by one or more ofthese communications paths, but are shown as a single path in FIG. 4 toavoid overcomplicating the drawing.

Control circuitry 404 may be based on any suitable processing circuitrysuch as processing circuitry 406. As referred to herein, processingcircuitry should be understood to mean circuitry based on one or moremicroprocessors, microcontrollers, digital signal processors,programmable logic devices, field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs),application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), etc., and may includea multi-core processor (e.g., dual-core, quad-core, hexa-core, or anysuitable number of cores) or supercomputer. In some embodiments,processing circuitry may be distributed across multiple separateprocessors or processing units, for example, multiple of the same typeof processing units (e.g., two Intel Core i7 processors) or multipledifferent processors (e.g., an Intel Core i5 processor and an Intel Corei7 processor). In some embodiments, control circuitry 404 executesinstructions for a media guidance application stored in memory (i.e.,storage 408). Specifically, control circuitry 404 may be instructed bythe media guidance application to perform the functions discussed aboveand below. For example, the media guidance application may provideinstructions to control circuitry 404 to generate the media guidancedisplays. In some implementations, any action performed by controlcircuitry 404 may be based on instructions received from the mediaguidance application.

In client-server based embodiments, control circuitry 404 may includecommunications circuitry suitable for communicating with a guidanceapplication server or other networks or servers. The instructions forcarrying out the above mentioned functionality may be stored on theguidance application server. Communications circuitry may include acable modem, an integrated services digital network (ISDN) modem, adigital subscriber line (DSL) modem, a telephone modem, Ethernet card,or a wireless modem for communications with other equipment, or anyother suitable communications circuitry. Such communications may involvethe Internet or any other suitable communications networks or paths(which is described in more detail in connection with FIG. 5). Inaddition, communications circuitry may include circuitry that enablespeer-to-peer communication of user equipment devices, or communicationof user equipment devices in locations remote from each other (describedin more detail below).

Memory may be an electronic storage device provided as storage 408 thatis part of control circuitry 404. As referred to herein, the phrase“electronic storage device” or “storage device” should be understood tomean any device for storing electronic data, computer software, orfirmware, such as random-access memory, read-only memory, hard drives,optical drives, digital video disc (DVD) recorders, compact disc (CD)recorders, BLU-RAY disc (BD) recorders, BLU-RAY 3D disc recorders,digital video recorders (DVR, sometimes called a personal videorecorder, or PVR), solid state devices, quantum storage devices, gamingconsoles, gaming media, or any other suitable fixed or removable storagedevices, and/or any combination of the same. Storage 408 may be used tostore various types of content described herein as well as mediaguidance data described above. Nonvolatile memory may also be used(e.g., to launch a boot-up routine and other instructions). Cloud-basedstorage, described in relation to FIG. 5, may be used to supplementstorage 408 or instead of storage 408.

Control circuitry 404 may include video generating circuitry and tuningcircuitry, such as one or more analog tuners, one or more MPEG-2decoders or other digital decoding circuitry, high-definition tuners, orany other suitable tuning or video circuits or combinations of suchcircuits. Encoding circuitry (e.g., for converting over-the-air, analog,or digital signals to MPEG signals for storage) may also be provided.Control circuitry 404 may also include scaler circuitry for upconvertingand downconverting content into the preferred output format of the userequipment 400. Circuitry 404 may also include digital-to-analogconverter circuitry and analog-to-digital converter circuitry forconverting between digital and analog signals. The tuning and encodingcircuitry may be used by the user equipment device to receive and todisplay, to play, or to record content. The tuning and encodingcircuitry may also be used to receive guidance data. The circuitrydescribed herein, including for example, the tuning, video generating,encoding, decoding, encrypting, decrypting, scaler, and analog/digitalcircuitry, may be implemented using software running on one or moregeneral purpose or specialized processors. Multiple tuners may beprovided to handle simultaneous tuning functions (e.g., watch and recordfunctions, picture-in-picture (PIP) functions, multiple-tuner recording,etc.). If storage 408 is provided as a separate device from userequipment 400, the tuning and encoding circuitry (including multipletuners) may be associated with storage 408.

A user may send instructions to control circuitry 404 using user inputinterface 410. User input interface 410 may be any suitable userinterface, such as a remote control, mouse, trackball, keypad, keyboard,touch screen, touchpad, stylus input, joystick, voice recognitioninterface, or other user input interfaces. Display 412 may be providedas a stand-alone device or integrated with other elements of userequipment device 400. For example, display 412 may be a touchscreen ortouch-sensitive display. In such circumstances, user input interface 410may be integrated with or combined with display 412. Display 412 may beone or more of a monitor, a television, a liquid crystal display (LCD)for a mobile device, amorphous silicon display, low temperature polysilicon display, electronic ink display, electrophoretic display, activematrix display, electro-wetting display, electrofluidic display, cathoderay tube display, light-emitting diode display, electroluminescentdisplay, plasma display panel, high-performance addressing display,thin-film transistor display, organic light-emitting diode display,surface-conduction electron-emitter display (SED), laser television,carbon nanotubes, quantum dot display, interferometric modulatordisplay, or any other suitable equipment for displaying visual images.In some embodiments, display 412 may be HDTV-capable. In someembodiments, display 412 may be a 3D display, and the interactive mediaguidance application and any suitable content may be displayed in 3D. Avideo card or graphics card may generate the output to the display 412.The video card may offer various functions such as accelerated renderingof 3D scenes and 2D graphics, MPEG-2/MPEG-4 decoding, TV output, or theability to connect multiple monitors. The video card may be anyprocessing circuitry described above in relation to control circuitry404. The video card may be integrated with the control circuitry 404.Speakers 414 may be provided as integrated with other elements of userequipment device 400 or may be stand-alone units. The audio component ofvideos and other content displayed on display 412 may be played throughspeakers 414. In some embodiments, the audio may be distributed to areceiver (not shown), which processes and outputs the audio via speakers414.

The guidance application may be implemented using any suitablearchitecture. For example, it may be a stand-alone applicationwholly-implemented on user equipment device 400. In such an approach,instructions of the application are stored locally (e.g., in storage408), and data for use by the application is downloaded on a periodicbasis (e.g., from an out-of-band feed, from an Internet resource, orusing another suitable approach). Control circuitry 404 may retrieveinstructions of the application from storage 408 and process theinstructions to generate any of the displays discussed herein. Based onthe processed instructions, control circuitry 404 may determine whataction to perform when input is received from input interface 410. Forexample, movement of a cursor on a display up/down may be indicated bythe processed instructions when input interface 410 indicates that anup/down button was selected.

In some embodiments, the media guidance application is a client-serverbased application. Data for use by a thick or thin client implemented onuser equipment device 400 is retrieved on-demand by issuing requests toa server remote to the user equipment device 400. In one example of aclient-server based guidance application, control circuitry 404 runs aweb browser that interprets web pages provided by a remote server. Forexample, the remote server may store the instructions for theapplication in a storage device. The remote server may process thestored instructions using circuitry (e.g., control circuitry 404) andgenerate the displays discussed above and below. The client device mayreceive the displays generated by the remote server and may display thecontent of the displays locally on equipment device 400. This way, theprocessing of the instructions is performed remotely by the server whilethe resulting displays are provided locally on equipment device 400.Equipment device 400 may receive inputs from the user via inputinterface 410 and transmit those inputs to the remote server forprocessing and generating the corresponding displays. For example,equipment device 400 may transmit a communication to the remote serverindicating that an up/down button was selected via input interface 410.The remote server may process instructions in accordance with that inputand generate a display of the application corresponding to the input(e.g., a display that moves a cursor up/down). The generated display isthen transmitted to equipment device 400 for presentation to the user.

In some embodiments, the media guidance application is downloaded andinterpreted or otherwise run by an interpreter or virtual machine (runby control circuitry 404). In some embodiments, the guidance applicationmay be encoded in the ETV Binary Interchange Format (EBIF), received bycontrol circuitry 404 as part of a suitable feed, and interpreted by auser agent running on control circuitry 404. For example, the guidanceapplication may be an EBIF application. In some embodiments, theguidance application may be defined by a series of JAVA-based files thatare received and run by a local virtual machine or other suitablemiddleware executed by control circuitry 404. In some of suchembodiments (e.g., those employing MPEG-2 or other digital mediaencoding schemes), the guidance application may be, for example, encodedand transmitted in an MPEG-2 object carousel with the MPEG audio andvideo packets of a program.

User equipment device 400 of FIG. 4 can be implemented in system 500 ofFIG. 5 as user television equipment 502, user computer equipment 504,wireless user communications device 506, or any other type of userequipment suitable for accessing content, such as a non-portable gamingmachine. For simplicity, these devices may be referred to hereincollectively as user equipment or user equipment devices, and may besubstantially similar to user equipment devices described above. Userequipment devices, on which a media guidance application may beimplemented, may function as a standalone device or may be part of anetwork of devices. Various network configurations of devices may beimplemented and are discussed in more detail below.

A user equipment device utilizing at least some of the system featuresdescribed above in connection with FIG. 4 may not be classified solelyas user television equipment 502, user computer equipment 504, or awireless user communications device 506. For example, user televisionequipment 502 may, like some user computer equipment 504, beInternet-enabled allowing for access to Internet content, while usercomputer equipment 504 may, like some television equipment 502, includea tuner allowing for access to television programming. The mediaguidance application may have the same layout on various different typesof user equipment or may be tailored to the display capabilities of theuser equipment. For example, on user computer equipment 504, theguidance application may be provided as a web site accessed by a webbrowser. In another example, the guidance application may be scaled downfor wireless user communications devices 506.

In system 500, there is typically more than one of each type of userequipment device but only one of each is shown in FIG. 5 to avoidovercomplicating the drawing. In addition, each user may utilize morethan one type of user equipment device and also more than one of eachtype of user equipment device.

In some embodiments, a user equipment device (e.g., user televisionequipment 502, user computer equipment 504, wireless user communicationsdevice 506) may be referred to as a “second screen device.” For example,a second screen device may supplement content presented on a first userequipment device. The content presented on the second screen device maybe any suitable content that supplements the content presented on thefirst device. In some embodiments, the second screen device provides aninterface for adjusting settings and display preferences of the firstdevice. In some embodiments, the second screen device is configured forinteracting with other second screen devices or for interacting with asocial network. The second screen device can be located in the same roomas the first device, a different room from the first device but in thesame house or building, or in a different building from the firstdevice.

The user may also set various settings to maintain consistent mediaguidance application settings across in-home devices and remote devices.Settings include those described herein, as well as channel and programfavorites, programming preferences that the guidance applicationutilizes to make programming recommendations, display preferences, andother desirable guidance settings. For example, if a user sets a channelas a favorite on, for example, the web site www.Tivo.com on theirpersonal computer at their office, the same channel would appear as afavorite on the user's in-home devices (e.g., user television equipmentand user computer equipment) as well as the user's mobile devices, ifdesired. Therefore, changes made on one user equipment device can changethe guidance experience on another user equipment device, regardless ofwhether they are the same or a different type of user equipment device.In addition, the changes made may be based on settings input by a user,as well as user activity monitored by the guidance application.

The user equipment devices may be coupled to communications network 514.Namely, user television equipment 502, user computer equipment 504, andwireless user communications device 506 are coupled to communicationsnetwork 514 via communications paths 508, 510, and 512, respectively.Communications network 514 may be one or more networks including theInternet, a mobile phone network, mobile voice or data network (e.g., a4G or LTE network), cable network, public switched telephone network, orother types of communications network or combinations of communicationsnetworks. Paths 508, 510, and 512 may separately or together include oneor more communications paths, such as, a satellite path, a fiber-opticpath, a cable path, a path that supports Internet communications (e.g.,IPTV), free-space connections (e.g., for broadcast or other wirelesssignals), or any other suitable wired or wireless communications path orcombination of such paths. Path 512 is drawn with dotted lines toindicate that in the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 5 it is awireless path and paths 508 and 510 are drawn as solid lines to indicatethey are wired paths (although these paths may be wireless paths, ifdesired). Communications with the user equipment devices may be providedby one or more of these communications paths, but are shown as a singlepath in FIG. 5 to avoid overcomplicating the drawing.

Although communications paths are not drawn between user equipmentdevices, these devices may communicate directly with each other viacommunication paths, such as those described above in connection withpaths 508, 510, and 512, as well as other short-range point-to-pointcommunication paths, such as USB cables, IEEE 1394 cables, wirelesspaths (e.g., Bluetooth, infrared, IEEE 802-11x, etc.), or othershort-range communication via wired or wireless paths. BLUETOOTH is acertification mark owned by Bluetooth SIG, INC. The user equipmentdevices may also communicate with each other directly through anindirect path via communications network 514.

System 500 includes content source 516 and media guidance data source518 coupled to communications network 514 via communication paths 520and 522, respectively. Paths 520 and 522 may include any of thecommunication paths described above in connection with paths 508, 510,and 512. Communications with the content source 516 and media guidancedata source 518 may be exchanged over one or more communications paths,but are shown as a single path in FIG. 5 to avoid overcomplicating thedrawing. In addition, there may be more than one of each of contentsource 516 and media guidance data source 518, but only one of each isshown in FIG. 5 to avoid overcomplicating the drawing. (The differenttypes of each of these sources are discussed below.) If desired, contentsource 516 and media guidance data source 518 may be integrated as onesource device. Although communications between sources 516 and 518 withuser equipment devices 502, 504, and 506 are shown as throughcommunications network 514, in some embodiments, sources 516 and 518 maycommunicate directly with user equipment devices 502, 504, and 506 viacommunication paths (not shown) such as those described above inconnection with paths 508, 510, and 512.

Content source 516 may include one or more types of content distributionequipment including a television distribution facility, cable systemheadend, satellite distribution facility, programming sources (e.g.,television broadcasters, such as NBC, ABC, HBO, etc.), intermediatedistribution facilities and/or servers, Internet providers, on-demandmedia servers, and other content providers. NBC is a trademark owned bythe National Broadcasting Company, Inc., ABC is a trademark owned by theAmerican Broadcasting Company, Inc., and HBO is a trademark owned by theHome Box Office, Inc. Content source 516 may be the originator ofcontent (e.g., a television broadcaster, a Webcast provider, etc.) ormay not be the originator of content (e.g., an on-demand contentprovider, an Internet provider of content of broadcast programs fordownloading, etc.). Content source 516 may include cable sources,satellite providers, on-demand providers, Internet providers,over-the-top content providers, or other providers of content. Contentsource 516 may also include a remote media server used to storedifferent types of content (including video content selected by a user),in a location remote from any of the user equipment devices. Systems andmethods for remote storage of content, and providing remotely storedcontent to user equipment are discussed in greater detail in connectionwith Ellis et al., U.S. Pat. No. 7,761,892, issued Jul. 20, 2010, whichis hereby incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.

Media guidance data source 518 may provide media guidance data, such asthe media guidance data described above. Media guidance data may beprovided to the user equipment devices using any suitable approach. Insome embodiments, the guidance application may be a stand-aloneinteractive television program guide that receives program guide datavia a data feed (e.g., a continuous feed or trickle feed). Programschedule data and other guidance data may be provided to the userequipment on a television channel sideband, using an in-band digitalsignal, using an out-of-band digital signal, or by any other suitabledata transmission technique. Program schedule data and other mediaguidance data may be provided to user equipment on multiple analog ordigital television channels.

In some embodiments, guidance data from media guidance data source 518may be provided to users' equipment using a client-server approach. Forexample, a user equipment device may pull media guidance data from aserver, or a server may push media guidance data to a user equipmentdevice. In some embodiments, a guidance application client residing onthe user's equipment may initiate sessions with source 518 to obtainguidance data when needed, e.g., when the guidance data is out of dateor when the user equipment device receives a request from the user toreceive data. Media guidance may be provided to the user equipment withany suitable frequency (e.g., continuously, daily, a user-specifiedperiod of time, a system-specified period of time, in response to arequest from user equipment, etc.). Media guidance data source 518 mayprovide user equipment devices 502, 504, and 506 the media guidanceapplication itself or software updates for the media guidanceapplication.

In some embodiments, the media guidance data may include viewer data.For example, the viewer data may include current and/or historical useractivity information (e.g., what content the user typically watches,what times of day the user watches content, whether the user interactswith a social network, at what times the user interacts with a socialnetwork to post information, what types of content the user typicallywatches (e.g., pay TV or free TV), mood, brain activity information,etc.). The media guidance data may also include subscription data. Forexample, the subscription data may identify to which sources or servicesa given user subscribes and/or to which sources or services the givenuser has previously subscribed but later terminated access (e.g.,whether the user subscribes to premium channels, whether the user hasadded a premium level of services, whether the user has increasedInternet speed). In some embodiments, the viewer data and/or thesubscription data may identify patterns of a given user for a period ofmore than one year. The media guidance data may include a model (e.g., asurvivor model) used for generating a score that indicates a likelihooda given user will terminate access to a service/source. For example, themedia guidance application may process the viewer data with thesubscription data using the model to generate a value or score thatindicates a likelihood of whether the given user will terminate accessto a particular service or source. In particular, a higher score mayindicate a higher level of confidence that the user will terminateaccess to a particular service or source. Based on the score, the mediaguidance application may generate promotions that entice the user tokeep the particular service or source indicated by the score as one towhich the user will likely terminate access.

Media guidance applications may be, for example, stand-aloneapplications implemented on user equipment devices. For example, themedia guidance application may be implemented as software or a set ofexecutable instructions which may be stored in storage 408, and executedby control circuitry 404 of a user equipment device 400. In someembodiments, media guidance applications may be client-serverapplications where only a client application resides on the userequipment device, and server application resides on a remote server. Forexample, media guidance applications may be implemented partially as aclient application on control circuitry 404 of user equipment device 400and partially on a remote server as a server application (e.g., mediaguidance data source 518) running on control circuitry of the remoteserver. When executed by control circuitry of the remote server (such asmedia guidance data source 518), the media guidance application mayinstruct the control circuitry to generate the guidance applicationdisplays and transmit the generated displays to the user equipmentdevices. The server application may instruct the control circuitry ofthe media guidance data source 518 to transmit data for storage on theuser equipment. The client application may instruct control circuitry ofthe receiving user equipment to generate the guidance applicationdisplays.

Content and/or media guidance data delivered to user equipment devices502, 504, and 506 may be over-the-top (OTT) content. OTT contentdelivery allows Internet-enabled user devices, including any userequipment device described above, to receive content that is transferredover the Internet, including any content described above, in addition tocontent received over cable or satellite connections. OTT content isdelivered via an Internet connection provided by an Internet serviceprovider (ISP), but a third party distributes the content. The ISP maynot be responsible for the viewing abilities, copyrights, orredistribution of the content, and may only transfer IP packets providedby the OTT content provider. Examples of OTT content providers includeYOUTUBE, NETFLIX, and HULU, which provide audio and video via IPpackets. Youtube is a trademark owned by Google Inc., Netflix is atrademark owned by Netflix Inc., and Hulu is a trademark owned by Hulu,LLC. OTT content providers may additionally or alternatively providemedia guidance data described above. In addition to content and/or mediaguidance data, providers of OTT content can distribute media guidanceapplications (e.g., web-based applications or cloud-based applications),or the content can be displayed by media guidance applications stored onthe user equipment device.

Media guidance system 500 is intended to illustrate a number ofapproaches, or network configurations, by which user equipment devicesand sources of content and guidance data may communicate with each otherfor the purpose of accessing content and providing media guidance. Theembodiments described herein may be applied in any one or a subset ofthese approaches, or in a system employing other approaches fordelivering content and providing media guidance. The following fourapproaches provide specific illustrations of the generalized example ofFIG. 5.

In one approach, user equipment devices may communicate with each otherwithin a home network. User equipment devices can communicate with eachother directly via short-range point-to-point communication schemesdescribed above, via indirect paths through a hub or other similardevice provided on a home network, or via communications network 514.Each of the multiple individuals in a single home may operate differentuser equipment devices on the home network. As a result, it may bedesirable for various media guidance information or settings to becommunicated between the different user equipment devices. For example,it may be desirable for users to maintain consistent media guidanceapplication settings on different user equipment devices within a homenetwork, as described in greater detail in Ellis et al., U.S. PatentPublication No. 2005/0251827, filed Jul. 11, 2005. Different types ofuser equipment devices in a home network may also communicate with eachother to transmit content. For example, a user may transmit content fromuser computer equipment to a portable video player or portable musicplayer.

In a second approach, users may have multiple types of user equipment bywhich they access content and obtain media guidance. For example, someusers may have home networks that are accessed by in-home and mobiledevices. Users may control in-home devices via a media guidanceapplication implemented on a remote device. For example, users mayaccess an online media guidance application on a website via a personalcomputer at their office, or a mobile device such as a PDA orweb-enabled mobile telephone. The user may set various settings (e.g.,recordings, reminders, or other settings) on the online guidanceapplication to control the user's in-home equipment. The online guidemay control the user's equipment directly, or by communicating with amedia guidance application on the user's in-home equipment. Varioussystems and methods for user equipment devices communicating, where theuser equipment devices are in locations remote from each other, isdiscussed in, for example, Ellis et al., U.S. Pat. No. 8,046,801, issuedOct. 25, 2011, which is hereby incorporated by reference herein in itsentirety.

In a third approach, users of user equipment devices inside and outsidea home can use their media guidance application to communicate directlywith content source 516 to access content. Specifically, within a home,users of user television equipment 502 and user computer equipment 504may access the media guidance application to navigate among and locatedesirable content. Users may also access the media guidance applicationoutside of the home using wireless user communications devices 506 tonavigate among and locate desirable content.

In a fourth approach, user equipment devices may operate in a cloudcomputing environment to access cloud services. In a cloud computingenvironment, various types of computing services for content sharing,storage or distribution (e.g., video sharing sites or social networkingsites) are provided by a collection of network-accessible computing andstorage resources, referred to as “the cloud.” For example, the cloudcan include a collection of server computing devices, which may belocated centrally or at distributed locations, that provide cloud-basedservices to various types of users and devices connected via a networksuch as the Internet via communications network 514. These cloudresources may include one or more content sources 516 and one or moremedia guidance data sources 518. In addition or in the alternative, theremote computing sites may include other user equipment devices, such asuser television equipment 502, user computer equipment 504, and wirelessuser communications device 506. For example, the other user equipmentdevices may provide access to a stored copy of a video or a streamedvideo. In such embodiments, user equipment devices may operate in apeer-to-peer manner without communicating with a central server.

The cloud provides access to services, such as content storage, contentsharing, or social networking services, among other examples, as well asaccess to any content described above, for user equipment devices.Services can be provided in the cloud through cloud computing serviceproviders, or through other providers of online services. For example,the cloud-based services can include a content storage service, acontent sharing site, a social networking site, or other services viawhich user-sourced content is distributed for viewing by others onconnected devices. These cloud-based services may allow a user equipmentdevice to store content to the cloud and to receive content from thecloud rather than storing content locally and accessing locally-storedcontent.

A user may use various content capture devices, such as camcorders,digital cameras with video mode, audio recorders, mobile phones, andhandheld computing devices, to record content. The user can uploadcontent to a content storage service on the cloud either directly, forexample, from user computer equipment 504 or wireless usercommunications device 506 having content capture feature. Alternatively,the user can first transfer the content to a user equipment device, suchas user computer equipment 504. The user equipment device storing thecontent uploads the content to the cloud using a data transmissionservice on communications network 514. In some embodiments, the userequipment device itself is a cloud resource, and other user equipmentdevices can access the content directly from the user equipment deviceon which the user stored the content.

Cloud resources may be accessed by a user equipment device using, forexample, a web browser, a media guidance application, a desktopapplication, a mobile application, and/or any combination of accessapplications of the same. The user equipment device may be a cloudclient that relies on cloud computing for application delivery, or theuser equipment device may have some functionality without access tocloud resources. For example, some applications running on the userequipment device may be cloud applications, i.e., applications deliveredas a service over the Internet, while other applications may be storedand run on the user equipment device. In some embodiments, a user devicemay receive content from multiple cloud resources simultaneously. Forexample, a user device can stream audio from one cloud resource whiledownloading content from a second cloud resource. Or a user device candownload content from multiple cloud resources for more efficientdownloading. In some embodiments, user equipment devices can use cloudresources for processing operations such as the processing operationsperformed by processing circuitry described in relation to FIG. 4.

As referred herein, the term “in response to” refers to initiated as aresult of, for example, a first action being performed in response to asecond action may include interstitial steps between the first actionand the second action. As referred herein, the term “directly inresponse to” refers to caused by, for example, a first action beingperformed directly in response to a second action may not includeinterstitial steps between the first action and the second action.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart of illustrative actions for excluding consumedcontent from a content presentation, in accordance with some embodimentsof the disclosure. At 602, control circuitry 404 generates a firstplurality of fingerprints for a first media content consumed by a firstuser, where the first media content comprises a first compilation of afirst plurality of unique media assets. For example, control circuitry404 may access the first media content in storage 408 and execute andalgorithm for generating a fingerprint on a specific frame at a specifictime within the first media content. Additionally or alternatively, thecontrol circuitry may execute the algorithm which generates afingerprint based on a sound sample from a specific time within thefirst media content. In some embodiments, the media guidance applicationmay access the media content at a remote server (e.g., a serverassociated with media content source 516 or media guidance data source518).

At 604, control circuitry 404 stores, in a profile associated with thefirst user, a fingerprint for each media asset in the first plurality ofunique media assets. The control circuitry may access the profileassociated with the first user from storage 408. In some embodiments,the control circuitry may access the first user's profile at a remoteserver (e.g., server associated with media content source 516 or mediaguidance data source 518). The control circuitry may use an ApplicationProgram Interface (“API”) to store the fingerprints in the first user'sprofile. The API may require a specific format of the fingerprints.

At 606, control circuitry 404 generates a second plurality offingerprints for a second media content, where the second media contentincludes a second compilation of a second plurality of unique mediaassets different from the first plurality of unique media assets. Forexample, control circuitry 404 may access the second media content instorage 408 and execute an algorithm for generating a fingerprint on aspecific frame at a specific time within the second media content.Additionally or alternatively, the control circuitry may execute thealgorithm which generates a fingerprint based on a sound sample from aspecific time within the media content. In some embodiments, the mediaguidance application may access the second media content at a remoteserver (e.g., a server associated with media content source 516 or mediaguidance data source 518).

At 608, control circuitry 404 compares each fingerprint in the secondplurality of fingerprints with each fingerprint in the first pluralityof fingerprints. The control circuitry may retrieve the first pluralityof fingerprints from the user's profile (e.g., user profile located instorage 408). In some embodiments, the control circuitry may retrievethe first plurality of fingerprints from a remote server (e.g., a serverassociated with media content source 516 or media guidance data source518). The control circuitry may compare the retrieved first plurality offingerprints with a second plurality of fingerprints, which can also beretrieved from storage 408 or a remote server (e.g., a server associatedwith media content source 516 or media guidance data source 518).

At 610, control circuitry 404 identifies, based on the comparing, a setof unique media assets that are in both the first plurality of uniquemedia assets and the second plurality of unique media assets. Forexample, the control circuitry may determine, based on whichfingerprints match between the compilations, that the user has consumedand the compilation that is to be consumed, the start time and end timeof each unique media asset that has been consumed and exclude that mediaasset from the presentation of the compilation. The control circuitrymay store the start times and the end times within the presentation tobe excluded in the user's profile, linking the start and end times withthe specific compilations for which they are to be used. The controlcircuitry may store this information in storage 408 and/or at a remoteserver (e.g., server associated with media content source 516 and/ormedia guidance data source 518).

At 612, control circuitry 408 generates for display the second mediacontent without the set of unique media assets that are in both thefirst plurality of unique media assets and the second plurality ofunique media assets. The control circuitry may retrieve the second mediacontent and search the user's profile for segments to exclude from thesecond media content. The control circuitry may search the user'sprofile for an identifier associated with the second media content. Ifthe control circuitry locates the identifier, the control circuitry mayretrieve the start times and end times that are associated with thesecond media content to be excluded. As the control circuitry generatesfor display the second media content, the control circuitry may skipover the frames at the start time until the end time for each retrievedstart and end time pair.

FIG. 7 is another flowchart of illustrative actions for excludingconsumed content from a content presentation, in accordance with someembodiments of the disclosure. At 702, control circuitry 404 generates afirst plurality of fingerprints for a first media content consumed by afirst user, where the first media content comprises a first compilationof a first plurality of unique media assets. For example, controlcircuitry 404 may access the first media content in storage 408 andexecute an algorithm for generating a fingerprint on a specific frame ata specific time within the first media content. Additionally oralternatively, the control circuitry may execute the algorithm whichgenerates a fingerprint based on a sound sample from a specific timewithin the first media content. In some embodiments, the media guidanceapplication may access the media content at a remote server (e.g., aserver associated with media content source 516 or media guidance datasource 518).

At 704, control circuitry 404 compares each fingerprint in the firstplurality of fingerprints with a next sequential fingerprint in thefirst plurality of fingerprints. The control circuitry may store thefirst plurality of fingerprints in storage 408. Alternatively oradditionally, the control circuitry may store the first plurality offingerprints at a remote server (e.g., a server associated with mediacontent source 516 and/or media guidance data source 518). The controlcircuitry may retrieve the fingerprints from storage and perform acomparison operation via a routine.

At 706, control circuitry 404 generates, based on comparing eachfingerprint in the first plurality of fingerprints with the nextsequential fingerprint in the first plurality of fingerprints, a firstset of fingerprints, where each fingerprint in the first set offingerprints is associated with a unique media asset in the firstplurality of unique media assets. The control circuitry may execute aroutine to iterate through each pair of sequential fingerprints anddetermine whether each fingerprint in the pair matches. If thefingerprints match, the control circuitry may determine that theycorrespond to the same unique media asset; if not, the control circuitrymay determine that the fingerprints correspond to a different uniquemedia asset. The control circuitry may store the fingerprints for eachunique media asset together so they can be retrieved separately fromfingerprints from other unique media assets.

At 708, control circuitry 404 stores, in a profile associated with thefirst user, the first set of fingerprints. The control circuitry mayaccess the profile associated with the first user from storage 408. Insome embodiments, the control circuitry may access the first user'sprofile at a remote server (e.g., a server associated with media contentsource 516 or media guidance data source 518). The control circuitry mayuse an API to store the fingerprints in the first user's profile. TheAPI may require a specific format of the fingerprints.

At 710, control circuitry 404 generates a second plurality offingerprints for a second media content, where the second media contentincludes a second compilation of a second plurality of unique mediaassets different from the first plurality of unique media assets. Forexample, control circuitry 404 may access the second media content instorage 408 and execute an algorithm for generating a fingerprint on aspecific frame at a specific time within the second media content.Additionally or alternatively, the control circuitry may execute thealgorithm which generates a fingerprint based on a sound sample from aspecific time within the media content. In some embodiments, the mediaguidance application may access the second media content at a remoteserver (e.g., a server associated with media content source 516 or mediaguidance data source 518).

At 712, control circuitry 404 compares each fingerprint in the secondplurality of fingerprints with a next sequential fingerprint in thesecond plurality of fingerprints. The control circuitry may store thesecond plurality of fingerprints in storage 408. Alternatively oradditionally, the control circuitry may store the second plurality offingerprints at a remote server (e.g., a server associated with mediacontent source 516 and/or media guidance data source 518). The controlcircuitry may retrieve the fingerprints from storage and perform acomparison operation via a routine.

At 714, control circuitry 404 generates, based on comparing eachfingerprint in the second plurality of fingerprints with the nextsequential fingerprint in the second plurality of fingerprints, a secondset of fingerprints, where each fingerprint in the second set offingerprints is associated with a unique media asset in the secondplurality of unique media assets. The control circuitry may execute aroutine to iterate through each pair of sequential fingerprints anddetermine whether each fingerprint in the pair matches. If thefingerprints match, the control circuitry may determine that theycorrespond to the same unique media asset; if not, the control circuitrymay determine that the fingerprints correspond to a different uniquemedia asset. The control circuitry may store the fingerprints for eachunique media asset together so they can be retrieved separately fromfingerprints from other unique media assets.

At 716, control circuitry 404 compares fingerprints in the second setwith fingerprints in the first set. The control circuitry may retrievethe fingerprints for the second media content from storage 408 or aremote server (e.g., a remote server associated with media contentsource 516 or media guidance data source 518). The control circuitry mayretrieve the fingerprints for the first media content from storage 408or a remote server (e.g., a remote server associated with media contentsource 516 or media guidance data source 518). It should be noted thatthe control circuitry may retrieve other fingerprints from the user'sprofile that are associated with unique media assets consumed in thepast. Thus, the control circuitry may be comparing many sets offingerprints (e.g., a set of fingerprints for each unique media assetthat the user has consumed). The control circuitry may perform thecomparison operation via a routine through an API.

At 718, control circuitry 404 determines, based on comparing thefingerprints in the second set with the fingerprints in the first set, aplurality of unique media assets both in the first media content and inthe second media content. For example, the control circuitry maydetermine, based on which fingerprints match between the compilationsthat the user has consumed and the compilation that is to be consumed,the start time and end time of each unique media asset that has beenconsumed and exclude that media asset from the presentation of thecompilation. The control circuitry may store the start times and the endtimes within the presentation to be excluded in the user's profile,linking the start and end times with the specific compilations for whichthey are to be used. The control circuitry may store this information instorage 408 and/or at a remote server (e.g., a server associated withmedia content source 516 and/or media guidance data source 518).

At 720, control circuitry 404 generates for display the second mediacontent without the unique media assets both in the first media contentand in the second media content. The control circuitry may retrieve thesecond media content and search the user's profile for segments toexclude from the second media content. The control circuitry may searchthe user's profile for an identifier associated with the second mediacontent. If the control circuitry locates the identifier, the controlcircuitry may retrieve the start times and end times that are associatedwith the second media content to be excluded. As the control circuitrygenerates for display the second media content, the control circuitrymay skip over the frames at the start time until the end time for eachretrieved start and end time pair.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart of illustrative actions for comparing sequentialfingerprints, in accordance with some embodiments of the disclosure. At802, control circuitry 404 retrieves a plurality of fingerprints. Thecontrol circuitry may retrieve the first plurality of fingerprints orthe second plurality of fingerprints for comparison. The retrieval maybe performed from storage 408 and/or from a remote server (e.g., aremote server associated with media content source 516 and/or mediaguidance data source 518). The control circuitry may store the retrievedfingerprints in a data structure in, for example, random access memory.The data structure may be traversable so that the control circuitry mayiterate through the data structure.

At 804, control circuitry 404 sorts chronologically the plurality offingerprints. In some embodiments, the plurality of retrievedfingerprints may already be sorted in chronological order because of themethod of generating fingerprints (i.e., the fingerprints are generatedin chronological order and stored that way). Thus, this action may notbe necessary. However, the fingerprints should be sorted inchronological order before the comparison begins.

At 806, control circuitry 404 moves a first pointer to a nextfingerprint as sorted, and a second pointer to an immediately subsequentfingerprint as sorted. If this is the first iteration of the comparison,the control circuitry may move the first pointer to the firstfingerprint in the data structure and the second pointer to the secondfingerprint in the data structure. As the control circuitry iteratesthrough each fingerprint, the control circuitry may move the firstpointer to each sequential fingerprint starting from the firstfingerprint and the second pointer to each sequential fingerprintstarting from the second fingerprint. The pointers may be implemented asloops. Thus, the control circuitry may be programmed to execute twoloops (one for each pointer).

At 808, control circuitry 404 compares content of a fingerprintassociated with the first pointer and content of a fingerprintassociated with the second pointer. The comparison may be performed by apre-programmed routine and may output the result. At 810, controlcircuitry 404 determines whether the content of the fingerprintassociated with the first pointer matches the content of the fingerprintassociated with the second pointer. For example, the control circuitrymay query the result of the routine. If the content of the fingerprintassociated with the first pointer matches the content of the fingerprintassociated with the second pointer, process 800 moves to action 812,where control circuitry 404 assigns the fingerprint associated with thefirst pointer and the fingerprint associated with the second pointer toa single media asset. For example, control circuitry 404 may copy bothfingerprints into a data structure associated with one unique mediaasset. The data structure may be stored in storage 408. In someembodiments, the control circuitry may store the data structure on aremote server (e.g., a remote server associated with media contentsource 516 and/or media guidance data source 518). In some embodiments,the control circuitry may create a link in a data structure associatedwith the unique media asset to the fingerprint so that the fingerprintmay be referenced from the data structure.

If the content of the fingerprint associated with the first pointer doesnot match the content of the fingerprint associated with the secondpointer, process 800 moves to action 814, where control circuitry 404assigns the fingerprint associated with the first pointer to a firstmedia asset and the fingerprint associated with the second pointer to asecond media asset. For example, control circuitry 404 may copy eachfingerprint into a respective data structure associated with arespective unique media asset. The data structures may be stored instorage 408. In some embodiments, the control circuitry may store thedata structures on a remote server (e.g., a remote server associatedwith media content source 516 and/or media guidance data source 518). Insome embodiments, the control circuitry may create a link in eachrespective data structure associated with each unique media asset to therespective fingerprint so that the respective fingerprints may bereferenced from the respective data structures.

At 816, control circuitry 404 determines whether the second pointer isat a last fingerprint of the plurality of fingerprints. If controlcircuitry 404 determines that the second pointer is at a lastfingerprint of the plurality of fingerprints, process 800 moves toaction 818 where control circuitry 404 generates a third data structurethat includes a subset of fingerprints for each media asset. Forexample, the control circuitry may generate a multi-dimensional arraythat includes multiple fingerprints for each unique media asset. Thus,one dimension of the array may include identifiers of the unique mediaassets, while a second dimension may include corresponding fingerprints.

FIG. 9 is a flowchart of illustrative actions for determining whichunique media assets to exclude from media content presentation, inaccordance with some embodiments of the disclosure. At 902, controlcircuitry 404 retrieves a first data structure and a second datastructure, where the first data structure includes a first plurality ofsubsets of fingerprints and the second data structure includes a secondplurality of subsets of fingerprints, and where each subset in the firstplurality and second plurality includes fingerprints for a single uniquemedia asset. For example, the control circuitry may retrieve each datastructure from storage 408. In some embodiments, the control circuitrymay retrieve the data structures from a remote server (e.g., a remoteserver associated with media content source 516 or media guidance datasource 518).

At 904, control circuitry 404 selects a second previously unselectedsubset from the second plurality of subsets. For example, the controlcircuitry may iterate through each subset of fingerprints in the secondplurality in order to find matching fingerprints for consumed uniquemedia assets. The control circuitry may execute a loop through a datastructure associated with the second plurality of fingerprints selectingone subset at a time for comparison. At 906, control circuitry 404selects a first previously unselected subset from the first plurality ofsubsets. For example, the control circuitry may iterate through eachsubset of fingerprints in the first plurality that corresponds toconsumed unique media assets. The control circuitry may execute a loopthrough a data structure associated with the first plurality offingerprints selecting one subset at a time for comparison. It should benoted that in some embodiments, the control circuitry may iteratethrough more than just the first plurality of subsets. The controlcircuitry may store (e.g., in storage 408 or on a remote server)identifiers of unique media assets that the user has consumed togetherwith fingerprints corresponding to those unique media assets (these maybelong to various compilations consumed by the user). The controlcircuitry may iterate through those identifiers in order to comparetheir fingerprints with fingerprints of a media content about to beconsumed.

At 908, control circuitry 404 compares each fingerprint in thepreviously unselected subset from the second plurality of subsets witheach fingerprint in the previously unselected subset of the firstplurality of subsets. The control circuitry may iterate through eachsubset and compare the fingerprints in the two subsets to determinewhether any of the fingerprints in the subsets match. The controlcircuitry may execute a routine that enables the comparison. At 910,control circuitry 404 determines whether any fingerprint in the secondpreviously unselected subset matches any fingerprint in the firstpreviously unselected subset. If the control circuitry determines thatno fingerprint in the second previously unselected subset matches afingerprint in the first previously unselected subset, process 900 movesto action 906, where the control circuitry selects a next subset offingerprints associated with another unique media asset that the userhas consumed and starts the comparison with the newly selected set(e.g., from the first plurality of subsets). If control circuitry 404determines that a fingerprint in the second previously unselected subsetmatches a fingerprint in the first previously unselected subset, process900 moves to action 912.

At 912, control circuitry 404 stores a start time stamp associated withthe matching fingerprint and an end time stamp associated with a lastfingerprint in the second subset of fingerprints. The control circuitrymay create an entry in the user's profile for the second media contentor access an already existing entry for the second media content. Thecontrol circuitry may store an identifier associated with the uniquemedia asset that has a matching fingerprint and a start time within thesecond media content corresponding to a time with the second mediacontent when the matching fingerprint was generated. The controlcircuitry may store an end time in the same location that is associatedwith the last fingerprint in the second subset.

At 914, control circuitry 404 determines whether there are any morepreviously unselected subsets in the second plurality of subsets. Thecontrol circuitry may make the determination by making an API call thatcan traverse a data structure that stores the subset to determinewhether the last subset has been processed. If the control circuitrydetermines that there are more previously unselected subsets in thesecond plurality of subsets, process 900 moves to action 904, wherecontrol circuitry 404 selects a new previously unselected subset offingerprints so that this subset can be checked as to whether thecorresponding unique media asset was consumed by the user.

If the control circuitry determines that there are no more previouslyunselected subsets in the second plurality of subsets, process 900 movesto action 916, where control circuitry 404 generates for display mediacontent without content between the stored start time stamps and endtime stamps. The control circuitry may retrieve all the start and endtime stamps and monitor the media content presentation elapsed time.When the elapsed time matches a first start time, the control circuitrymay skip (e.g., not generate for display the frames or sound of a video)until the end time and continue the presentation at the end time. Thecontrol circuitry may repeat this process for each pair of start and endtimes until the end of the second media content.

FIG. 10 is an illustrative example of three compilations that includevarious unique media assets. Compilation 1000 may represent acompilation consumed before compilation 1030 and compilation 1030 mayrepresent a compilation consumed before compilation 1060, but aftercompilation 1000. Compilation 1000 may include ten unique media assets,including unique media assets 1002, 1004, 1006, 1008, 1010, 1012, 1014,1016, 1018, and 1020, as illustrated by different shadings. As the userconsumes compilation 1000, the media guidance application may generatefingerprints of the ten unique media assets. In some embodiments, theunique media assets may be different scenes. These scenes may be fromthe same media asset or stitched from different media assets (e.g.,different sports highlights). In some embodiments, the media guidanceapplication may store multiple fingerprints for each unique media assetor scene. However, in some embodiments, the media guidance applicationmay store one fingerprint for each unique media asset or scene. Themedia guidance application may receive a command to consume compilation1030 after compilation 1000 is consumed. The media guidance applicationmay generate fingerprints of each unique media asset or scene ofcompilation 1030 as described above.

In some embodiments, the media guidance application may iterate througheach unique media asset to store one fingerprint for each unique mediaasset or scene of compilation 1030. The media guidance application maydetermine that unique media assets 1032, 1034, 1036, 1038, 1040, 1048,and 1050 are the same as unique media assets 1002, 1004, 1006, 1008,1010, 1018, and 1020, respectively, as indicated by the shading of eachunique media asset. When the media guidance application playscompilation 1030, the media guidance application may skip these uniquemedia assets or scenes as they have already been consumed by the userwhile consuming compilation 1000. Thus, the media guidance applicationmay only play unique media assets 1042, 1044, and 1046.

In some embodiments, the media guidance application may determine thatunique media assets 1032, 1034, 1036, 1038, and 1040 should havefingerprints stored as one unique media asset because they havepreviously been played together in the same sequence. Thus, the mediaguidance application may store fingerprints for those media assets inthe same manner as storing one or more fingerprints for one unique mediaasset. Similarly, the media guidance application may store fingerprintsin the same manner for unique media assets 1048 and 1050 because theyhave previously been played together in the same sequence.

The media guidance application may receive a command to play compilation1060. The media guidance application may determine, by usingfingerprints as described above, that unique media assets or scenes1062, 1064, and 1066 are the same as unique media assets or scenes 1002,1004, and 1006, respectively. The media guidance application may skipthose scenes when playing compilation 1060. In some embodiments, themedia guidance application may store a unique fingerprint orfingerprints representing a unique media asset that includes uniquemedia assets 1062, 1064, and 1066 because they have been played togetherin sequence. The media guidance application may skip playing thoseunique media assets and play unique media assets 1070 and 1072. Themedia guidance application may determine, using fingerprints asdescribed above, that unique media assets 1074, 1076, and 1078 have beenconsumed before (i.e., in compilation 1000 as illustrated by theshading) and skip those media assets when playing compilation 1060. Themedia guidance application may play unique media asset 1080.

The processes discussed above are intended to be illustrative and notlimiting. One skilled in the art would appreciate that the actions ofthe processes discussed herein may be omitted, modified, combined,and/or rearranged, and any additional actions may be performed withoutdeparting from the scope of the invention. More generally, the abovedisclosure is meant to be exemplary and not limiting. Only the claimsthat follow are meant to set bounds as to what the present disclosureincludes. Furthermore, it should be noted that the features andlimitations described in any one embodiment may be applied to any otherembodiment herein, and flowcharts or examples relating to one embodimentmay be combined with any other embodiment in a suitable manner, done indifferent orders, or done in parallel. In addition, the systems andmethods described herein may be performed in real time. It should alsobe noted that the systems and/or methods described above may be appliedto, or used in accordance with, other systems and/or methods.

1-51. (canceled)
 52. A method for excluding consumed content from acontent presentation, the method comprising: generating, using controlcircuitry, a first plurality of fingerprints for a first media contentwherein the first media content comprises a first compilation of mediaassets; creating, using control circuitry, based on a comparison of eachfingerprint in the first plurality of fingerprints with a nextsequential fingerprint in the first plurality of fingerprints, a firstset of comprising one fingerprint from each sequential pair of identicalfingerprints in the first plurality of fingerprints; generating, usingcontrol circuitry, a second plurality of fingerprints for a second mediacontent, wherein the second media content comprises a second compilationof media assets different from the first compilation of media assets;comparing, using control circuitry, fingerprints in the second pluralityof fingerprints with fingerprints in the first set of fingerprints;determining, using control circuitry, based on comparing the secondplurality of fingerprints with the first plurality of fingerprints, aset of media assets that are both in the first media content and in thesecond media content; and generating, using control circuitry, fordisplay the second media content without the set of media assets. 53.The method of claim 52, further comprising: determining that a userfinished consuming the second media asset; and in response todetermining that the user finished consuming the second media asset,storing a second set of fingerprints in the profile associated with theuser, wherein the second set of fingerprints comprises a set offingerprints associated with the second media content without the set ofmedia assets.
 54. The method of claim 53, further comprising:determining that a second user is accessing the second media content;and in response to determining that the second user is accessing thesecond media content, generating a pointer, in a profile associated withthe second user, to the second plurality of fingerprints.
 55. The methodof claim 52, wherein generating the first plurality of fingerprints forthe first media content comprises: determining, based on a durationassociated with the first media content, a plurality of points withinthe first media content for generating the plurality of fingerprints;and generating each fingerprint in the plurality of fingerprints at acorresponding point of the plurality of points.
 56. The method of claim52, further comprising: retrieving a first fingerprint from the firstplurality of fingerprints and a second fingerprint from the firstplurality of fingerprints; comparing content associated with the firstfingerprint with content associated with the second fingerprint;determining whether a predefined amount of the content associated withthe first fingerprint matches the predefined amount of the contentassociated with the second fingerprint; in response to determining thatthe predefined amount of the content associated with the firstfingerprint matches the predefined amount of the content associated withthe second fingerprint, assigning the first fingerprint and the secondfingerprint to a first media asset; and in response to determining thatthe predefined amount of the content associated with the firstfingerprint does not match the predefined amount of the contentassociated with the second fingerprint, assigning the first fingerprintto a first media asset and the second fingerprint to a second mediaasset.
 57. The method of claim 52, wherein determining the set of mediaassets that are both in the first media content and in the second mediacontent comprises: determining that a first fingerprint in the firstplurality of fingerprints matches a second fingerprint in the secondplurality of fingerprints; storing a start time of the contentassociated with the second fingerprint, wherein the start timedemarcates a start of content exclusion in the second media content; andstoring an end time of the content associated with the secondfingerprint, wherein the end time demarcates an end of content exclusionin the second media content.
 58. The method of claim 57, whereingenerating for display the second media content without the set of mediaassets both in the first media content and in the second media contentcomprises generating for display the second media content without asegment contained by the start time and the end time.
 59. The method ofclaim 52, further comprising: storing, in a profile associated with theuser, the first plurality of fingerprints for the first media content;storing the fingerprint for each media asset in the first compilation ofmedia assets at a location accessible by a plurality of users; andstoring, in the profile associated with the first user, a link to thelocation accessible by the plurality of users.
 60. A system forexcluding consumed content from a content presentation, the systemcomprising: storage; and control circuitry configured to: generate afirst plurality of fingerprints for a first media content wherein thefirst media content comprises a first compilation of media assets;create, based on a comparison of each fingerprint in the first pluralityof fingerprints with a next sequential fingerprint in the firstplurality of fingerprints, a first set of fingerprints comprising onefingerprint from each sequential pair of identical fingerprints in thefirst plurality of fingerprints; generate a second plurality offingerprints for a second media content, wherein the second mediacontent comprises a second compilation of media assets different fromthe first compilation of media assets; compare fingerprints in thesecond plurality of fingerprints with fingerprints in the first set offingerprints; determine, based on comparing the second plurality offingerprints with the first plurality of fingerprints, a set of mediaassets that are both in the first media content and in the second mediacontent; and generate for display the second media content without theset of media assets.
 61. The system of claim 60, wherein the controlcircuitry is further configured to: determine that a user finishedconsuming the second media asset; and in response to determining thatthe user finished consuming the second media asset, store a second setof fingerprints in the profile associated with the user, wherein thesecond set of fingerprints comprises a set of fingerprints associatedwith the second media content without the set of media assets.
 62. Thesystem of claim 61, wherein the control circuitry is further configuredto: determine that a second user is accessing the second media content;and in response to determining that the second user is accessing thesecond media content, generate a pointer, in a profile associated withthe second user, to the second plurality of fingerprints.
 63. The systemof claim 60, wherein the control circuitry is configured, whengenerating the first plurality of fingerprints for the first mediacontent, to: determine, based on a duration associated with the firstmedia content, a plurality of points within the first media content forgenerating the plurality of fingerprints; and generate each fingerprintin the plurality of fingerprints at a corresponding point of theplurality of points.
 64. The system of claim 60, wherein the controlcircuitry is further configured to: retrieve a first fingerprint fromthe first plurality of fingerprints and a second fingerprint from thefirst plurality of fingerprints; compare content associated with thefirst fingerprint with content associated with the second fingerprint;determine whether a predefined amount of the content associated with thefirst fingerprint matches the predefined amount of the contentassociated with the second fingerprint; in response to determining thatthe predefined amount of the content associated with the firstfingerprint matches the predefined amount of the content associated withthe second fingerprint, assign the first fingerprint and the secondfingerprint to a first media asset; and in response to determining thatthe predefined amount of the content associated with the firstfingerprint does not match the predefined amount of the contentassociated with the second fingerprint, assign the first fingerprint toa first media asset and the second fingerprint to a second media asset.65. The system of claim 60, wherein the control circuitry is configured,when determining the set of media assets that are both in the firstmedia content and in the second media content, to: determine that afirst fingerprint in the first plurality of fingerprints matches asecond fingerprint in the second plurality of fingerprints; store astart time of the content associated with the second fingerprint,wherein the start time demarcates a start of content exclusion in thesecond media content; and store an end time of the content associatedwith the second fingerprint, wherein the end time demarcates an end ofcontent exclusion in the second media content.
 66. The system of claim65, wherein the control circuitry is configured, when generating fordisplay the second media content without the set of media assets both inthe first media content and in the second media content, to generate fordisplay the second media content without a segment contained by thestart time and the end time.
 67. The system of claim 60, wherein thecontrol circuitry is further configured to: store, in a profileassociated with the user, the first plurality of fingerprints for thefirst media content; store the fingerprint for each media asset in thefirst compilation of media assets at a location accessible by aplurality of users; and store, in the profile associated with the firstuser, a link to the location accessible by the plurality of users.